Buddha ih Nunthuanthu (xiv)
Vandumkulh Tampi Umnak (The Presence of Multiple Universes)
Mahayana sutra pawl in, Buddha ih taksa ruangpum dangdang
thuhla an tarlang rual in, vandumkulh dangdang tampi an um thu khal an pholang.
Cui' vandumkulhpawl cun anmahte cio in buddha an nei cio. Buddha hmunrampawl
(buddha fields), asilole hmunram thianghlim pawl (pure lands) ti ih kawhhmuh
vandumkulh pawl cu tleunak ropi umnak hmun, thingkungpawl in lungmankhung rah
pawl (fruit of jewels) an rahnak hmun, vate pawl in dharma bungcang pawl an hla
ih an saknak hmun, a cengtupawl (inhabitants) in dharma thlun ih an nun an
hlannak hmun, a si ti'n tarlang an si. Buddha hmunrampawl hi hmailam ih
piannonsalnak ding hrangah a duhum mi hmunpawl ah an rung cang. Cutawk hmunram
a hohatu buddha pawl cu nun hlan ih thlun ding ah an rung cang. A hleice in
cem-nei-lo tleunak (infinite light) neitu buddha a si mi Amitabha, le Sukhavati
ti ih kawh mi a Nitlaklam Vanram (Western Paradise) cu a lar hleice. Buddha
hmunrampawl ahcun buddhapawl cu hlim-um taksa ruangpum (sambhogakaya/ enjoyment
body) ti ih kawh mi pianhmang pathumnak (third form) thawn an ra lang can khal
a tam. Hlim-um taksa ruangpum timi cu siangpahrang fapa kum no pianhmang, mi
hleitlingbik (superman) a sinak langtertu hminsinnak thupi 32, le hminsinnnak
tenau 80 thawi' thuam mawi mi pianhmang a si. Hminsinnak thupi pawl lakah kut
zaphak pawl le ke zaphak pawl ih lengke (wheel) riruangpawl (patterns), hna-rah
(earlobes) sau pawl, luthlung zim ih um mi siangpahrang lukhum vek ih bol
hleifuan (usnisa), mittlang pahnih karlak ih sam herh aw kual (urna), ke phah
pheng (flat feet), le a sihpeh aw mi kutzungpawl (webbed fingers) tivek pawl
khal an tel. Mithiampaw in himi sunsaknak netabik hi cu nganca ihsi ngah mi si
lo in hlan lai ih lungkherthiampawl (sculptors) ih tlaksamnakpawl ruang ah a ra
cang mi sawn a si ding tiah zumnak an nei.
Buddha ih taksa le thinlung lam tlamtlinnak mangbangza pawl
cu amah thangtthatnak thlacam samh-hla tam zet ah tarlang an si ih, biazai khal
ah khumlut an si. Biazai ih an khumlut mi ahhin a tam zet cu sunlawih upat
peknak bezai bung tampi peh vivo ruang-am an nei ttheu. Cui' beizaipawl cu
nganca ah tarlang an si, stupa pawl parah ngan an si, serh le sang thusamh
(rituals) hrangah ring zet ih samhsuah an si, thutak ruat thlacamnak
(meditation) neih can khal ah ruahton (contemplate) ttheu an si fawn. A
hminthang hleice mi pakhat cu himi a si: "a liam, ttihzah phu (worthy),
kimcang le tlamtling zet ih a tthangharh mi, theihfimnak le thianhlim felfainak
cindan ih khat kimcang thluh, liam ttha e, leitlunpawl theitu (knower of
worlds), bikhiah (restraint) a ttul mi pawl hrangih tluk rual lo lamhruaitu
(unsurpassed guide), khuavang pathianpawl le milaipawl ih zirhtu saya, mi
tthangfim, mi hualvan ttha."
Additional Reading
Translations of influential traditional biographies of the
Buddha include:
E.H. Johnston (trans.), The Buddhacarita, or, Acts of the Buddha,
2 vol. (1935–36, reprinted 2 vol. in 1, 1972), a translation of the famous poem
by Ashvaghosa.
William Woodville rockhill (trans.), The Life of the Buddha and the Early History
of his Order (1884, reprinted 1976) is a translation from the Tibetan of
the biography found in the vinaya of the Mulasarvastivada sect.
N.A. Jayawickrama,The Story of Gotama Buddha: The Nidāna-kathā of the
Jātakattha-kathā (1990) provides a translation of an
important Pali biography.
The Voice of the Buddha, The Beauty of Compassion, 2 vol. (1983) is a translation of Philippe Edouard Foucaux's 1884 French rendering of the extravagant
Sanskrit biography, the Lalitavistara.
Donald S. Lopez, Jr.
(ed.), Buddhism in Practice (1995), pp. 39–180, contains translations of
texts from a number of Buddhist traditions concerning the Buddha in his various
forms.
Studies of the development of the Buddha's biography include
Étienne Lamotte,History of Indian Buddhism: From the Origins to the Śaka Era (1988; originally published in French, 1958), pp. 639–685,
which identifies some of the important sectarian and historical factors that
shaped the biographies;
Frank E. Reynolds, “The Many Lives of Buddha: A Study of Sacred Biography and
Theravāda Tradition,” chapter 1 in Frank
E. Reynolds and Donald Capps
(eds.), The Biographical Process: Studies in the History and Psychology of
Religion (1976), pp. 37–61; and
Frank E. Reynolds and Charles
Hallisey, “The Buddha,” chapter 2 in Joseph
M. Kitagawa and Mark D. Cummings
(eds.), Buddhism and Asian History (1989), pp. 29–49, which provides
useful surveys of the past century of scholarship on the development of the
biographical cycles.
Juliane Schober (ed.), Sacred Biography in the Buddhist Traditions of
South and Southeast Asia (1997), contains essays on manifestations of the
biography of the Buddha in texts, icons, and local practices.
Important biographies of the Buddha by modern scholars
include
Hermann Oldenberg,Buddha: His Life, His Doctrine, His Order, trans. by William
Hoey (1882; originally published in German, 1881), which draws exclusively
on Pali sources in an attempt to separate history from legend;
Bhikku Nanamoli,The Life of the Buddha, According to the Pali Canon, The
Oldest Authentic Record (1972),
which arranges the various events described in the Pali canon and places them
in chronological order;
Foucher,La Vie du Bouddha
(1949, abridged translation as The Life of the Buddha, According to the
Ancient Texts and Monuments of India, 1963), explores the events of
Buddha's life as represented in Indian art and architecture; and
Edward J. Thomas,The Life of Buddha as Legend and History (1927), which also considers Sanskrit, Chinese, and Tibetan
sources.
Hajime Nakamura,Gotama Buddha
(1977), is an English translation of part 1 of the author's important study in
Japanese. The scholarly debate concerning the dating of the historical Buddha
is collected in Heinz Bechert (ed.),
When Did the Buddha Live? (1995).
John S. Strong,The Buddha: A Short Biography (2001) is a very useful survey of the events of the
Buddha's previous lives and final lifetime, with analyses of their meaning.
Donald S. Lopez, Jr. ih ngan mi, Britannica Encyclopaedia 2009 Edition sungih ta a remcandan ih lehlin mi a si.
Sianglianuk Kianghrol
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