Happy Boxing Day

Happy Boxing Day

December 26 ih an hman ttheu mi Boxing Day hi England ah San Laili (Middle Ages) hrawng ihsin an rak hmang thok ding tiah zum a si.

Christmas ni ah innsang hnattuan ih buai thei zet siahhlawh (hnen-um) pawl cu Christmas ni a cem tikah hnattuan cawlh sian an si. Hnattuan cawl in mai' innsang pawl va tongtu ding siahhlawh cu inntek in laksawng ret mi bawm (box) an pe ttheu. Curuangah bawm pekawk ni (boxing day) an timi a si tiah mi tampi in an zum.

Ruahdan dang pakhat ahcun, biakinn ih ret mi mi rethei bomnak hrangih paisa thlaknak "Rethei Bawm" cu December 26 ong in rethei pawl an zem ttheu ruangah himi ni a ra suak a si ding ti a si.

Mi rethei bomnak ni timi hi tuini tiangah hman a rung si. Kum khat sungih mah bawmtu kha laksawng an pe ttheu. Tthimnak ah carek palai, thilri phurtu, sangka kiltu tivek hnenah lungawi langternak laksawng an pe.

December 26 hi England le ram dangdang tthenkhat ahcun bank holiday khal a si. Cozah zung, bank le carek zung pawl an khar.

December 26 hi St. Stephen Puai Ni khal a si. St. Stephen hi kawhhran hmaisa san ih nuhmei le mi rethei pawl kilkhawi ding ah Tirhthlah pawl in hriak an thih mi deacon pasarih lakih pakhat a si. Thuthangttha a phuannak ruangah mipi in lungto in an rak den that. A thih hlan te ah a deng thattu pawl ngaidam ding in Pathian hnenah a dilsak hai.

Theihfimnak

Theihfimnak

Golf lehpannak hi kan dunglam kum reipi ah Scotland ram ih an rak tuah thok mi a si. Annih cun Golf lehpannak hi "Gentlemen Only Ladies Forbidden" (Mipa lawng, Nunau kham a si) ti in a hmin an rak bun. Cumi cu English pawl in GOLF tiah an ko. Game of Lazy Fallows ti khal in an ko.

Sunhrul bawinu cu kum sawmnga tiang a dam thei ih, ni tinte'n sunhrul thawng sawmthum tiang a hring thei.

Nangmah thawn suahcam bang aw mi midang 10,000,000 an um.

Cukcu pawl ih ei lo mi umsun cu fanghma a si.

Ramhotu Abraham Lincoln cu 1846 ah Senate Tlangsuak Palai ah hriltlin a si ih, Ramhotu John F. Kenney cu a lehhnu kum za, 1946 kum, ah Senate Tlangsuak Palai ah hriltlin a si.

Ramhotu Lincoln cu 1860 ah Ramhotu ih hriltlin a si ih, Ramhotu Kennedy cu a lehhnu kum za, 1960 ah Ramhotu ih hriltlin a si.

Ramhotu Lincoln ih sungttuan hmin cu Kennedy a si ih, Ramhotu Kennedy ih sungttuan hmin cu Lincoln a si ve.

An pahnih in Innpi Var ih an thlen hnu ah fa pakhat veve in an thihsan.

An pahnih in Zirtawpni ah phiarthah an tuar.

An pahnih in an lu ah meithal hriamhma tuar ih thi mi an si.

An pahnih in thlanglam mi Johnson ruangah an hlawhtling ih, thlanglam mi thotho in an phiar that.

Ramhotu Lincoln hlawhtlingtertu Andrew Johnson cu 1808 ah a suak ih, Ramhotu Kennedy hlawhtlingtertu London Johnson cu 1908 ah a suak ve.

Credit: အဆိုအမိန္ ့မ်ားနွင့္ ဗဟုသုတဆုိင္ရာစာေပမ်ား

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Theihfimnak

Theihfimnak

Hahthiau lai ah mitmen a theih lo.

Kum tinte'n rul ih cuk that mi minung hnakin khuai ih hen that mi minung an tam sawn.

Vorhtlak pawl hi kehtlak pawl hnak in zemrual in kum kua a nung sau deuh.

Siangpahrangnu Ropi Elizabeth I cu thla thum ah vei khat lawng tidai a bual.

Nazi hotu Hitler kha hanghnah hangrah lawng ei mi a si ih, tilmu pakhat lawng a nei.

Polar Savom pakhat in Penguin va 86 tiang vei khat ah an ei thei.

Golf ball pakhat ahkhin a kuar tete 336 an um.

Na hahthiau tikah na hnar le na kaa pit lo ding in ralring aw. An pih pang asile mit a pawt thei.

Leitlun ih minung hmuahhmuah hi a tlar in ding thluh sehla leilungpi vei 60 kan vel thei ding.

Minung taksa ih tit thahri cak bik cu lei a si.

Octopus pakhat in lung pathum a nei.

Ni ihsin leilung ih tleu a ra thlennak ding ah minute 8 a rei. Curuangah ni a liam laifang ka hmu na timi khi a dik lo. Ziangahtile a liam ti na hmuh hlan minute 8 ah a rak liam zo.

May thla ih suak mi naute pawl hi thla dang ih suak mi naute pawl hnakin zemrual in 200 grams an rit.

Iskimo miphun pawl in vur (snow) thawn a pehpar mi ttongfang za lenglo an nei nan, hello ti ih biakpawhawknak ttongkam an nei lo.

Leitlun ih minung hi rualrante'n minung 100 lawng ah tthum sehla Asia ah 57, Europe ah 21, America ah 14 le Africa ah 8 an um ding. Cumi lakah mi pakhat lawng in computer a nei ding.
Kan mit hi kan suah ihsin kan thih tiang ah a tum le tum lo a bang aw. Asinan kan hnar le kan hna cu an tthan a reh dah lo.

Ttek in fuh zet ih a lo tlak ahcun a sat lam degree centigrade 28,000 in na alh ding. Cumi cu ni hnakin a sa sawn mi a si.

Leitlun ih vate pawl lakah tangphaw (blue) rong a hmu theitu vate umsun cu sumbuk a si.

Khuai pawl hin khuaizu pound khat ngah ding ah pangpar 2,000 lenglo an fang ih, an zuan hlatlam hi peng 55,000 lenglo a si.

A khir thei lo mi hnawifawp rannung umsun cu sai a si.

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Theihfimnak

Theihfimnak Tlangpi
(General Knowledge)

1. Leitlun mipum billion sarih (million thawng sarih) lakah billion li in smartphonean hmang. Asinan million 3.5 lawng in haa-rawt-fung an hmang. Smartphone hmang ban cin lakah haa rawt dah lo an um si cu!

2. America Dingkhawm Ram ih an zuar hmaisabik mi cellphone cu Motorola Dyna TAC 800X a si ih 1984 April thla ah design an tuah thok. Himi cellphone hi pound hnih a rit.

3. Type-writer lole computer thawn cangan hnattuantu pakhat ih kutzung pawl cangvaih zat hi a hlat lam peh khawm sehla, zemrual in ni khat ah peng 12.6 hrawng a si ding.

4. Mi pakhat hin zemrual in ni khat ah kekar 7500 hrawng a kar. Kum (80) a rei tik ahcun peng 110,000 zikte a feh tinak a si. Cumi zat cu leilungpi vei nga hel theinak tluk in a hla/sau.

5. Tuisan leitlun ih ngaizawng/nupa tuak riat ah tuak khat hi online ihsi tong aw thok an si. Online ihsi tong aw ih kop aw lanta zat zatek hi kum tin in a pung deuhdeuh fawn.

6. Minung 100 vivo ah 11 (zatek hlei khat) cu kehtlak an si.

7. August thla hi kum khat sungih naute suah tamnak bik thla a si. (November/December hi an ol lo :P )

8. Ar kum no pakhat ih zuan can rei thei bik cu second (13) a si.

9. Youtube.com hi 2005 February 14 ah register an tuah ti a si.

10. Hliakhlainak ih an hmuhsuah dan ah, minung in zanmang ih kan hmuh mi hmel pawl khi a tak ih kan hmuh dah mi hmel lawng an si. Na mang ah a tak ih na hmuh dah lo mi hmel na hmu dah maw ziang lehlam?

Theihfimnak - Rannung Thuhla (4)

Theihfimnak – Rannung Thuhla (4)

1. Pawpi khi an hmul a ttial lawng si lo in, an vun khal a ttial tel ve.

2. Cawpi in pumpi pali an nei.

3. Khuaizu tuahtu khuai hi kan dunglam kum milliom 30 hrawng ihsin an rak um zo.

4. Sai (vui) cun pengthum hlatnak ih um mi tidai rim a thei ban.

5. Kharkhem khi a mit na sat thlaksak a si khalle, a dang pakhat a keuh thar sal ding.

6. A mei a awn sulhsoter thei mi rattlesnake rul pawl khi thlatang ahcun an khua hlumter ding in hmun khat ah an riak khawm vialvial ttheu. A cancan ahcun rul 1,000 tiang an riak khawm ttheu.

7. Tipi-cengkol (oyster = tikeplung suahter theitu cengkol) khi ci thlahawknak ding ih a ttul mamawh dan ih zir in a nu ah siseh, a pa ah siseh, a thleng aw thei.

8. Zinghnam khi a ril a rawn tuk ahcun a mei a ei.

9. Shark nga pawl khi, tu ih a hlovai zo mi sahrang picang dinosaur pawl hnak in, leilung parih an rak um thoknak a tuan sawn.

10. Phengphehlep pakhat in mit 12,000 a nei.

11. Hramlak vate pawl ih nundam can zemrual cu thla ruk a si.

12. Sa-hngawng-sau hngawng ahkhin minung ih ruh neih zat ruh an um.

13. Whale nga tangphaw (blue whale) khi whale nga hmuahhmuah lak ih tumbik a si ih, leilung parih a um dah mi thilnung hmuahhmuah lakih tumbik si ding ah zum a si fawn.

14. Kiosa pitling pakhat ih huk awn cu peng nga hlatnak ihsin theih a theih. Cui’ huk awn cun ttihtthaih mi tla a nei ih, a vak darh mi kiosa dang pawl a huikhawm ve fawn.

15. Nga tampi khin an dam sung ah pa/nu an sinak an thleng thei. Tipithuanthum thuk zet sungih um mi nga tthenkhat cun a nu sinak le a pa sinak an nei kop fawn.

16. Zahphek-nga (scallop = zahphek pianhmang thla pahnih neitu nga) khin mit tangphaw (blue eye) sawmthum le panga a nei.

17. Uico in a lei dinghter ih a lo liak asile, “Ka lo duhdawt,” a tinak a si.

18. Maimom pawl an um thoknak hi kum million 300 lenglo a rei zo.

19. Sahrang picang dinosaur pawl cu leilung tlun ih kum million 165 hrawng an um hnu ah an ci a mit.

20. Minung pawl ih cinung ziarang (DNA) zatek 98.4 hi Africa ih mei nei lo zawng tumpi (chimpanzee) pawl ih DNA thawn a bangrep.

21. Kum tinte’n, leilungtlun ih suak mi ei-in tthen-thum tthen-khat cu cucik kharbok pawl in an ei thluh.

22. Hnawi-fawp thilnung pawl ih thi cu a sen, cucik kharbok pawl ih thi cu a aihre (yellow) ih, cangai-kaikuang ih thi cu a tangphaw (blue).

23. Ti-thlum (fresh water) ih um mi kaikuang te (crawfish) suan mi cu a mei a dingh a si ahcun, suan hlan ah a thi cia tinak a si.

24. Leilung parih a rak um mi thilnung theihsuah zo mi hmuahhmuah lakah, tuini ih leilung parih a um lai mi cu zatek pahra lawng an si.

Theihfimnak - Ramnung Thuhla (2)

Theihfimnak – Rannung Thuthla (2)

1. Khuai in rong hring (green), tangphaw (blue) le ultra-violet pawl a hmu thei. Asinan a sen khi a dum vekin a hmu.

2. Shark (nga-mann) nga var (great white shark) tumpi pawl khi rawl ei lo’n thla thum sung cawl lo in an feh thei.

3. Mayfly timi May thla ih keuh phengphehlep ci khat cu pangang dinhmun in kum khat asilole kum khat lenglo a nungdam. Asinan a hung pitling ih phengphehlep a si tik ahcun nazi malte sung lawng a nung.

4. Mi thattu whale nga tumpi (killer whale) pawl khin shark (nga-mann) an thah tikah, an hnuailam ihsin shark nga ih pum kha nap’n an hun sawh. Cutikah shark nga cu a puakkuai thluh ttheu.

5. Mi thattu whale nga pawl hi whale nga an si taktak lo, dolphin nga ci khat an si sawn.
 
6. Sai (vui) tamsawn hi whale nga tangphaw (blue whale) ih lei hnakin an khing a zang sawn. Whale nga tangphaw ih lung hi mawttaw fate tia a si.

7. Cukcu khi a lu tel lo in zarh khat hrawng a nungdam thei. Cumi hnu ah ttamsawl in a thi.

8. Dolphin nga pakhat a nat tikah siseh, hriamhma a ngah tikah siseh, dolphin nga dang pawl in ra bawm lohli ding in ringpi’n a kiauraak. Dolphin nga dang pawl in a aw an theih tikah an pan lohli ih thaw a thawt theinak ding ah tidai tlun ah an nor so ttheu.

9. Titeng (piteng) khin pii 33 hlatnak ih um mi cucik kharbok pakhat a hmu ban.

10. Kaikuang khi a lu ah a lung (heart) a um.

11. Kharkhem khi kum thum sung a itthat thei.

12. Tifinriat sung ahhin leilung pumpuluk ih thilnung zatek 99 an um.

13. Fate zuang rang theibik a si mi vanva ci khat (spine-tailed swift) cu nazi pakhat ah peng 106 ih cak in a zuang thei.

14. Cawpi pakhat in a dam sung ah cawhnawi rialno 200,000 zikte a pesuak thei.

15. Sa-nau-um (kangaroo) suak pekte khi zungpibok khat hrawng a si. A suah hnu ah a nui’ zal sungah a tthang bet.

16. Dolphin nga pawl khi an thluak hrek lawng cawlter in, an mit khatlam lawng sing in, an itthat.

17. Cangvat in thluak 32 a nei.

18. Kala-uk khin, vunnel phut tel mi thli lak ihsi humawknak ding ah, mitvun pathum an nei.

19. Inn lenglam lawng ih a um mi zawhte cu kum thum hrawng an nungdam. Inn sung ih vulh mi zawhte cu kum hleiruk lenglo an nungdam thei.

20. Cangai-kaikuang (tipithuanthum ih um, hngepi tum zet nei kaikuang) khi pound khat kim tiang tthang ding in kum sarih hrawng a rei.

Guinness Record: Li Hongxiao

Guinness Record: Haa thawn tohkham sau 24 thlir theitu Li Hongxiao

China ram nitlak-thlanglam, Chongqing ramkulh, Dazu khawte ih um Li Hongxiao (kum 35) hin kum riat a si lai ihsin kiosa laam (lion dancing) timi a rak zir thok. Kiosa laam thawn pumcawmtu ah a hung cang ih, team dang hnakih ttha sawn ding in a haa thawn thil rit thlir a zuam thok.

2012 kum ahkhan thing tohkham sau (bench) 23, kilogram 70 rit, cu a haa thawn a rak thlir ih haa thawn thing tohkham sau thlir rit theibik Guinness Record a rak tuah.

2016 March 3 ahcun thing tohkham sau (24), kilogram 75 rit, cu a haa thawn second (10) sung thlir in amai' rak tuah mi Guinness Record hlun cu a lan ih record thar a tuah.

Himi record tuah thei ding hin nasa zet in a rak zuam. Ni tinte'n kilometer thum a tlan, vur hlang le olive rah pawl a haa thawn a ttam ringring ih, pangpar hnuan ah feh in a cinhawknak ah tohkham sau (20) tlunlam a thlir ringring.

Tu ahcun media ih tarlang a hlawh sinsin ruangah a hmin a thang zet. Amai' media company tla a din ih tlawngta panga khal a hnenah an zir. A tlawngta pawl thawn khawpi dangdang ah an thiamnak phosuah an tum rero lai. Nauhak pawl khal a lak in thazang thiamzung (martial art) a zirh phah ttheu.

Hram: People's Daily, China.

http://en.people.cn/n3/2016/0311/c98649-9028892.html

Rannung Thuhla (3)

Theihfimnak – Rannung Thuhla (3)

1. Zemrual in vok pawl hi kum hleinga an nungdam.

2. Rannung lakah shark nga lawng hi a na dah lo mi a si. Shark hi nat dang hmuahhmuah cu rel loh, khensa tiang in an thisen in a do neh.

3. Me (kel) ih mitmu dum (pupil) khi kil li nei a si.

4. Laak (donkey) ih mit umnak zawn khi a fuh zet. A ke pali khi her lo in a hmu thei cih thluh.

5. Dolphin nga khi an hna a vang zet. Tidai hnuai peng hleinga hlatnak hmun ih awn khal an thei thei.

6. Kawngsang pakhat in haa (47) a nei.

7. Tidai rang-ttial (zebra) ahkhin ttialdan bangrep ciah an um lo.

8. Phengphehlep khin thil thawtnak khi an ke in an tep.

9. Maimom pa ih mipa thil cu a ke pakhat zim ah a um.

10. Vate pawl khi an bu ah an itthat dah lo. Malte sung an vung molhmeh duak can a um ttheu nan, ihthat taktak cu hmun dang ah an itthat.

11. Cangai-kaikuang khi kum sawmnga tiang an nungdam thei.

12. Khuangbai/kharbok ih hna pawl cu a hmailam ke ih khuk hnuai ciah ah an um.

13. Khuai in mit panga an nei. A lu ah mit fatakte pathum an um ih, a tum pahnih cu hmailam ah an um.

14. Vok khin ding phah in vanlam an zoh thei lo. An vantau taktak thei lo.

15. Kharkhem khi vei khat lawng ci an thlah aw.

16. Thothe khin an mit pakhat ah zoh-arh-nak thlalang (lense) 4,000 an nei cio.

17. Kaikuang khi dunglam zawng lawng in tidai an leuh thei.

18. Sumbuh cun awn dim takte lawng a suahtu zinghnam khi, khawthim lak a thiar vukvi thei thotho. A hna a vang zet.

19. Tia aw ciocio si sehla cun kahpathir hnakin maimom innraang hri khi a ttang sawn.

20. Thiahlei khi leilung hnakin thingkung parah an tlan rang thei sawn.

Rannung Thuhla (1)

Theihfimnak - Rannung Thuhla (1)

1. Australian sunhrul pawl cun pii kul a sang mi, a malbik in pii 100 a kau mi, sentlungpawng an tuah thei.

2. Vate pawl cu zun an thawh dah lo.

3. Sihte an itthat dah lo. Cuap khal an nei lo. Hnaquantu sihte pawl hi kum sarih tiang an nung thei ih, sihte siangpahrangnu cu kum 15 tiang a nungdam thei.

4. Rang le caw pawl hi ding cing in an itthat thei.

5. Sa-nau-um (kangaroo) khi a mei thlir sak awla a khir thei lo ding. Ziangahtile a mei khi a tluklonak ding ih bukawktonnak ah a hmang.

6. Samak (rhinoceros) ih ki khi ruh le thil dang ih tuah mi a si lo. Hmul (sam) tet zet ih umkhawm mi sawn a si.

7. Palap hi hnawi fawp rannung zuang thei umsun a si. A ke an fatet tuk ruangah a feh thei lo.

8. Palap khi an kua ihsi an zuansuah tikah an kaw kaa ihsin kehlam ah an pial ringring.

9. Tarantula maimom (maimom tumpi ci khat) cu rawl ei lo in kum hnih lenglo a nung thei.

10. Rul khi a mit sing cing khal in thil a hmu thei. A mit vun a zoh tlangh thei.

11. Polar savom (savom var) khi a hmul a var nan a vun taktak cu a dum.

12. Thothe hi zemrual in zarh hnih lole zarh thum lawng an nungdam.

13. Kawngsang pa in mi an keu lo, a nu lawng in mi an keu.

14. Leitlun minung pawl in sihte um hmuahhmuah bangrep in zem aw sehla, mi pakhat in sihte million khat cio kan co ding.

15. Cucik kharbawk um zat hi zem aw sehla, mi pakhat in million hnih cio kan co ding.

16. Tlang kaikuang (scorpion) khi zu maltakte lawng burh khal awla a lung a aa ding ih amahte a hen aw that ding.

17. Tisartam le nga-man (shark) khi kum za tiang an nungdam thei.

18. Zinghnam hi an ci a karhzai rang zet. Thla 18 sung lawng ah, zinghnam pahnih cun tefa le sungkhat laina million khat an zaihter thei.

19. Khuaizu thirhai te khat ngah ding in khuai pakhat in pangpar 4,000 a thlen ta a ttul.

20. Khuaizu tuahtu khuai pawl khin pumpi pahnih an nei. Pakhat cu khuaizu retnak a si ih, pakhat cu rawl retnak a si.

Vangro Tova

Vangro Tiva (lole) Rong Panga Nei Tiva

Leitlun tiva mawibik tiah mi tampi ih an zum mi Vangro Tiva (Liquid Rainbow) lole Rong Panga Nei Tiva (River of Five Colors) hi a hmin taktak cu Cano Cristales a si ih English cun Crystal Spout (Crystal Tidai Kapsuak aw surso) a si. Colombia ram, Meta ramkulh ih Serrania de la Macarena pengpikulh (district) ah a um.

July thla cem zawng ihsin November thla tiang tidai hin rong aihre (yellow), rong hring (green), rong tangphaw (blue), rong dum (black), le rong sen (red) tivek pawl a nei ttheu. Rong sen ih a cannak san hi tidai hnuai ih um mi Macarenia clavigera (Podostemaceae) hrampi kung sen ruangah a si. 

Himi tiva hi a luang rang zet ih tlaser (waterfall) khal tampi an um. A can ahcun tidai hnuai ih lei kuar ruangah tidai a herhkual aw ih ti-herh mawi zetzet an um fawn.

Asinan himi tiva ahhin nga a um ve lo. Tidai sungih a kho mi hrampi kung pawl lawng an um. Cumi hrampi kung ih rong pawl cun tiva kha rong nei ah an canter mi a si. A mawibik mi cu July thla cem ihsin November thla tiang a um mi Macarenia clavigera hrampi kung sen pawl um can hi a si. Hivek hrampi kung hi a hlawm a hlawm in tidai hnuai lungto parah an um ih cumi ruangah tiva cu a sen ziaiziai.

Mi tampi in Cano Cristales tiva hi an va zoh ttheu. July thla cem zawng ihsin December thla tir tiang hi va tlawn a tthatbik can a si.

Ref: Wiki

Ramtamhuap Condom Ni

Ramtamhuap Condom Ni

Ramtamhuap Condom Ni hi, duh lo cing ih fa von le sex ruangih a suankai aw mi natnak pawl lak ihsi kilhimawknak hrangih condom hman a si sinsin theinak ding hmuitin ih tuah mi a si.

Himi ni hi St. Valentine's Day thawi' pehpar ih hman ttheu mi a si. Himi ni hmang ding ih tawlreltu cu AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) a si ih, HIV hrik darhzainak malter vivo ding ih a him mi sex hmannak somdawl a tumtah.

America Dingkhawmram ah kum tinte'n sex ruangih suankaiawk mi nat neitu thar minung 19.7 million an um ringring.
Leitlun pumpuluk ah kum khat sungah condom 5 billion hman an si ttheu.
Danish ttong cun condom hi 'Svangerskabsforebyggendemiddel' a si. (Vun siar hnik aw ( )

February

February Thla

February thla hi Roman ttong ahcun Februarius a si ih, Latin ttongfang Februum ihsin a ra. A sullam cu thianfaiternak (purification) tican a si. Kum khat sungih thla hra lawng a rak um lai ahcun February thla hi a rak tel lo. BC 700 lawng ah Roman Siangpahrang Numa Pompilius in kum thawk ah January thla le kum cem ah February thla a ret. Kum khat ih thla hnihnak a rung si cu BC 450 ihsin a si. February thla hi kum li ah vei khat ni (29) a um. Tui kum hi ni (29) a um can a si ih kum li ah kum thum cu ni (28) lawng a um.

February thla ih ni hleice tthenkhat
February 4 - Leitlun Khensa Nat Ni & Sri Lanka Zalennak Ni
February 5 - Mexico Danhrampi Ni
February 8  - Leitlun Tthitumnak Ni (February thla zarhpini vei hnihnak) & Slovania Nunphung Ni
February 11- Japan Phunpi Lungphum Ni
February 12 - Myanmar Ramdingkhawm Ni & Abraham Lincoln Suahcam
February 13 - Leitlun Radio Ni & Myanmar Nauhak Ni (Ralbawipi Aung San ih Suahcam)
February 14 - St. Valentine's Day & Ramtamhuap Condom Ni
February 15 - Serbia Phunpi Ni
February 19 - Tuluk Kum Thar Ni
February 20 - Chin Phunpi Ni
February 21 - Ramtamhuap Nui' Ttong Ni
February 22 - George Washington Suahcam & St. Lucia Zalennak Ni
February 24 - Mexico Thantar Ni & Estonia Zalennak Ni
February 25 - Philippine Senpi Thuneihnak Ni
February 26 - Kuwait Luatsuahnak Ni
February 27 - Dominican Hrilhotu-ram Zalennak Ni

Hlan San Leitlun ih Mangbangza Pasarih

Hlan San Leitlun ih Mangbangza Pasarih

(The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World)

Hlan san leitlun ih mangbangza pasarih hi Greek ttong hmannak khawvel ah Jesuh khrih piansuah hlan kum zabi malte ihsin a rung suak mi cazin a si. Himi mangbangza pasarih cazin hi thiamzunglam themthiamnak (arsistry) simaw, a dinsuahnak hrangih engineering lam thiamnak langsarnak simaw, an tung le phei kauhnak simaw ihsin an hril suah mi an si.

Mangbangza pasarih cazin rak tuahtu hi mi tampi an um nan Sidon mi Antipater (Antipater of Sidon) le Byzantim mi Philo (Philo of Byzantium) ih tuah mi cazin hi an langsar deuh. Herodotus (484 BC–ca. 425 BC) le Cyrene mi Callimachus (ca. 305-240 BC) khal in an rak tuah ve.  A langsar bik mi le hmaisabik mi “Antipater ih cazin” hi 140 BC hrawng ih rak tuah mi a si ih, Alexandria ih Tleu-inn tel lo in a dang paruk a rak telh.

Hlan san leitlun ih mangbangza pasarih cu:

1. Giza Mualpawng ih um Khufu Siangpahrang ih Pyramid Ropi (The Great Pyramid of Khufu at Giza)

2551- 2470 BC hrawngih rak dinsuah mi a si. Milaihrin ih sakserlam hlawhtlinnak ropibik pakhat (one of humankind’s greatest architectural achievements) a si ih, kum 4000 sung lenglo cu leitlun ih building sangbik dinhmun luahtu a si.

2. Hmuandum Thlai-aw (The Hanging Gardens)

810-560 BC hrawngih rak um a si an zum. Iraq ram saklam ih um, mawi ding ih cei mi cangdawl thuah aw so vivo hmuandum kau zet a si. Hlanthilveitupawl (archaeologists) in Babylon khawlipi siat lakah thuanthu sungih a um mi Hmuandum Thlai-aw ih sulhnu hmuh ngah tum in kum sawmbi tampi an zuam rero zo nan, zianghman an hmu hrih lo ti theih a si lai.   Iraq ram, Babylon ramkulh ih Baylon ah simaw, Nineveh ramkulh ih Nineveh ah simaw, a um ding tiah an zum.

3. Olympia Tlang ih Zeus Khuavang Pathian ih Lem (The Statue of Zeus at Olympia)

430 BC hrawngih rak dinsuah mi a si. Sui le saiho thawi’ tuah mi milem a si ih pii 40 a sang. Greek ram sung ih sunlawih hlawhbik thiamzunglam themthiamnak kutsuak a si. Himi milem hi Olympic Lehpannak hmaisalam ahkhan thlavang rak hauhtu milem tumpi a si. AD zabi 5 le paruk lai ah an phelhdarh ih Constantinople khawpi ah an bun sal. Asinan lehhnu ah mei a kang.

4. Efesa Khawpi ih Artemis Khuavang Pathiannu ih Biakttheng (The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus)

Zabi pali BC hrawngih rak dinsuah mi Greek biakttheng a si ih, a tung le phei tumlam le khersuah mi milem ropi zetzet ruangah a hmin a thang. Zabi pali BC ah ka hmin hi thi thei nawn hlah seh ti’n Herostratus timi mi aa in a ur siat. Tui san Turkey ram ih um a si.

5. Halicarnassus ih Thlanmual Ropi (The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus)

352 BC hrawngih rak dinsuah mi a si. Anatolian siangpahrang Mausolus in amah hngilhlonak hrangih a tuah mi thlan a si ih, a nupi in a run sak ttheh. A nupi hi a farnu khal a si.

6. Rhodes Tikulh ih Helios ih Lem (The Colossus of Helios at Rhodes)

290 BC hrawngih rak dinsuah mi dar milem tumpi a si ih Liberty Milem (Statue of Liberty) thawn an tiat aw. Rhodes tikulh ah raldonaklam hlawhtlinnak cinken sunlawihnak hrangih an dinsuah mi a si. Linghnin ruangah a cim ih, a cimsiat mi khal cu kum 900 sung zikte khualtlawng pawl hiptu thupi pakhat a si lai.

7. Alexandria ih Pharos Tleu-inn (The Pharos of Alexandria)

280 BC hrawngih saksuah mi tleu-inn (lighthouse) a si ih hlan san leitlun ih tleu-inn tum le hminthang bik a si. Egypt ram uktu Greek siangpahrang pakhat hrangih dinsuah mi a si ih, sakserlam santhuanthu ah sang ding hrimhrim ih saksuah hlawhtlin hmaisatbik mi building a si.

Sakserlam mangbangza cazin tuah idea hi Alexander Ropi in zabi pali BC ih (anmai’ an rak theih mi) leitlun hmun tamsawn a neh ihsin an run neih mi a si. Ziangahtile Alexander Ropi in ram tampi a neh tikah Greek miphun khualtlawng pawl cu anmah hnakih nunphung hlun sawn neitu Egypt miphun, Persian miphnun le Babylon miphun pawl ih hnenah an thleng. Greek pawl cun himi thil pawl hi “Mangbangzapawl” (Greek ‘thaumata’) ti si lo in ‘thlirmualpawl’ asilole “zoh ding thilpawl’ (theamata) tiah an tarlang sawn.

Mangbangza Pasarih pawl ih Hualvan

Hlan san ih sakserlam hlawhtlinnak sunglawibik pasarih lakih paruk cu can, khuarel (nature) le minung kut tuar in an siatral thluh timi hi thu dik theih nuam lo zet pakhat cu a si ve.

Colossus Milem cu a dinsuahnak kum 65 lawng a rei lai, 226 BC kum ih linghnin ruangah a cim ih, kum thawng khat sung deuhthaw a rei hnu ah suan tit (melted) ding in laak 900 thawn an phurh. Halicarnassus ih Thlanmual Ropi khal linghnin ruangah a siat ih, zabi 16 lai ah Khristian crusader pawl (Muslim dotu Khrihfa ralkap pawl) in ralbuk saknak ding ah an lak darh. Mangbangza pasarih lakih mawibik a si mi Artemis ih Biakttheng khal lungto mallai lawng an tang. Olympia Tlang ih Zeus ih Milem cu minung kut tuar in a siat. Hmuandum Thlai-aw cu khuitawk ciah ah a um ti an elbuai aw rero lai. Alexandria ih Pharos Tleu-inn khal 1303 kum ih Crete tikulh linghnin ruangah a siat.

A dinsuahnak thilri tum liailiai pawl ruangah thuh hloh le siatsuah a theih lo mi Pyramid lawng kum zabi tampi a run paltlangh thei. Laili san (medieval) ah Muslim pawl in pyramid lenglam phar ih lungvar ngil mawi pawl cu Cairo khawlipi ih lilawn le inn saknak hrangah an rak la hnuaihni ko nan, pyramid pawl hi hngetkhoh thawkhat zet in an ding ringring lai. Asinan hlan san Faraw siangpahrang pawl ih ropitnak langtertu pyramid pawl khal hi an nungdam ringring ding ti a theih lo. Zabi 19 ih siangpahrang sualral Mohammed Ali in a rak siatsuah dengmang. Mohammed Ali cu cetzung dinsuahnak le a ram sanmanternak (modernization) hrangah Egypt ram ih biakttheng ropibik pawl ih lungto a rak hmangtu a si. Pyramid Ropi ih lungto pawl khal la ding in khua a rak khang dah. Sumpai hlawknak ding tam sehla cun a rak tthiatdarh taktak men thei. 

Mangbangza Pasarih An Hrilsuah Dan Kalhmang

Hlan san mangbangza pasarih cazin rak tuahtu hmaisabik hi Greek cangantu pawl an si ruangah mangbangza pasarih lak khal ah Greek miphun ih dinsuah mi panga an tel. Pyramid Ropi le Babylon ih Hmuandum Thlai-aw pahnih lawng hi Greek miphun ih dinsuah lo mi an si.

Lehhnu ih cangantu tthenkhat cun cazin dang deuh tla an run tuah. Tthimnak ah Alexandria ih Pharoah Tleu-inn aiawh ah Babylon Hruangkulhpawl (Walls of Babylon) an ret. Babylon Hruangkulhpawl peng 40 hrawng ih sau, pii 82 sang an si ih a tlunlam zim ah rang pali ih dirh mi rangleng pahnih an kian aw thei tiah hlan san cangantu pawl in an rak ngan. Roman bezaipu Martial cun mangbangza pasarih cazin ah Colosseum a telh ih, Khristian bishop Gregory of Tours cun Jerusalem ih Solomon Biakttheng a telh ve. Himi cangantu pawl hin an theih mi simaw, hmuh mi simaw, lawng an cazin ah an rak telh thei ruangah mangbangza pasarih hi leitlun pumpuluk ih thil ropibik an si thluh lo ti theih a si. An umnak ihsin peng thawng khat hrawng a hla mi China ih Hruangdawl Ropi tla hi ra hmu hai sehla cun an cazin cu a danglam deuh tengteng ding.

Egypt Hloh-zin-kual (The Egyptian Labyrinth = Kawl ih win-ka-ba an timi) khal hlan san leitlun ih sakserlam hlawhtlinnak hmuahhmuah hleih thluh theitu a si ding tiah a ruattu an um fawn.

Cong-orh Siangpahrang : Tur nei rul lakih Saubik

Cong-orh Siangpahrang : Tur nei rul lakih Saubik

Cong-orh Siangpahrang (King Cobra) hi a dengfelphung hmin cu ‘Ophiophagus hannah’ a si ih, India le Nisuah-thlang Asia hmunram pawl an hmuh an si tambik.  Leitlun ih tur nei rul hmuahhmuah lakih saubik a si ih pii 18 le hrek ihsin 18.8 (5.6 ihsin 5.7 m) tiang an sau thei.  India ram ahcun Hindu pathian tampi thawn an pehparawknak thuanthu pawl ruangah sakhawlam khal ah thupitnak a nei zet.

A tlangpithu cun metre 3 ihsin 4 (pii 9.8 ihsin 13.1) hrawng an sau ttheu ih 13 kg (pound 13) hrawng an rit.  Tu tiang ih theih mi lakah a saubik cu London Ramsa Hmuan ih an ret mi a si ih, Leitlun Ralbuai Ttumhnihnak thok ttum ih an thihter hlan ah, pii 18.5 ihsin 18.8 (5.6 ihsin 5.7) tiang a sau man.  Hramlak ih ta an kaihngah mi lakih ritbik cu 1951 kum ah Singapore ram, Royal Island Club ih an kaih ngah mi a si ih 12 kg (pound 26) rit  in, pii 15.7 (4.8 m) a sau. Asinan New York Zoological Park ih an vulh mi cu 1972 kum ahkhan pii 12.7 kg (pound 28) a rit ih, pii 14.4 (4.4 m) a sau.

Anaconda: Leitlun ih Rul Tumbik

Anaconda: Leitlun ih Rul Tumbik

Anaconda rul hi ci hnih an um. Anaconda tumpi tin’ siseh, sucuri ti’n siseh, tidai kamudi ti’n siseh, an kawh mi anaconda hring (green anaconda; Eunectes murinus) cu olive rong nei a si ih, a taksa parah rampai tii pianhmang a rong dum an um. Thlanglam anaconda asilole anaconda hring (Eunectes notaeus) cu a fate deuh ih a thuah aw mi rong dum a kop tete’n an um.

Anaconda hring pawl hi Andes Tlangtluanpawl ih nisuahlam le Trinidad ram ih Caribbean tikulh ih khawhlum ram tidai umnak pawl ah an ceng. Anaconda hring hi leitlun ih rul tumbik a si. Anaconda le python (saphai) hi metre 9 (pii 30) lenglo sau tiang an um ti a si nan, metre 10 (pii 33) tiang a sau mi anaconda an um thu khal theih a si ih, saphai hnak in an taksa khing khal a rit deuh. Asinan a tamsawn cu metre 5 (pii 16) an luan lo.

Anaconda hring pawl hi, a tlangpithu in zan ah, tidai sungah an relh ih caiman tisartam pawl le tidai in ding ih ra ttheu thiahlei, zinghnam, zukneng, tapir samak, le ngal hmul tam (peccary) tivek pawl an rak deh ttheu. Rannung tu pawl cu an hngawng in a keu hnu ah a taksa in a ngerh lohli ih, thawsam in a thihter.  Cumkheng te pawl le tidai kiang ih zuang vate pawl cu a kaa ah mom in a dunglam ih kual aw a haa thawn a keu that ttheu. Tidai lenglam ih a deh mi khal tidai sungah a thiar ttheu. Jaguar tlavang le sa ruak ei ttheutu sihter tivek pawl lak ihsin hum a duh ruangah a si men thei. Hramlak ah, anaconda hring pawl hi an sualral hran lo. Venezuela ram ahcun sunvang ah bokvakphung mithiam (herpetologist - rul tivek thuhla mithiam) in ol-aiter’n an kai thei. Anaconda kai ding ah mi tampi hman a ttul lo. Mi malte in an feh ih, rul umnak ah va feh in, an va thiar men.

Anaconda hring pawl hi tidai sung asilole kiang ah ci an zaih aw ttheu. Thla kua a rei tikah a pinu cun fate a nei. A fate hi 14 ihsin 82 tiang a si thei. A fate pawl cu centimetre 62 (zungpibok 24) an sau. A fate pawl hi an tthang cak zet ih, kum thum an kim ah metre 3 (pii 10) zikte an sau man.

Anaconda pawl hi boa sungkua (boa family; Boidae) ah an tel.

Sirhsan: "anaconda (genus Eunectes) ." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite.  Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2015.

Lunglo Ti

Lunglo Ti

Hlan san Chin mi pawl cun kan thih tikah kan thlarau in Mithi Khua zin ih Lunglo Ti a in cun leitlun a nun lai ih thil ziangkim a hngilh thluh tiah kan zum. Greek pawl khal in hivek deuh zumnak hi an rak nei. “Lethe” timi hngilhhlohnak aiawhtu pathiannu an rak nei ih, “Lethe” hi mithi pawl cennak hmunram ih luang mi tiva hmin khal a si. Lethe pathiannu cu Eris (Talbuainak) pathian ih fanu a si.

Greek awnmawi mithiam hminthang Orpheus ih zaihla pawl ihsin a rung suak mi Orphism sakhua ahcun, mithi pek thlarau in Lethe tiva ih tidai a in cun a hlan nun ziangkim in a hngilh thluh tiah an zum. Curuangah mithi thlarau pawl cu Mnemosyne timi cinkennak tiva hawl sawn ding in an zirh. Mnemosyne tiva ih tidai an in lawng ah taksa thar ih an thlarau a pian non sal vivo nak a cem ding tiah an zum.  Ziangahtile hlan nun hngilh thluh hnu lawng ah pian non sal a theih timi zumnak an nei. Greek mifim Plato ih “The Republic” bu hranak khal ah mithi thlarau pawl cun an pian non sal hlan ah “Theihhngilhnak tiva” an in tengteng a ttul tiah a ngan.

Mnemosyne hi cinkennak pathiannu ih hmin a si ih tiva hmin khal a si fawn. Greek puzungthu ih pathian tum maktara (titan) pawl lakah a tel ve ih Uranus (Van) le Gaea (Leilung) ih fanu a si. Bezaipu Hesiod ih tarlang dan ahcun Zeus in Pieria ih um Mnemosyne cu zan kua sung a va len hnu ah Mnemosyne in Muse pathiannu pakua a hring ti’n a um. Muse pathiannu pakua hi sanphung (history) le thiamzung (art) pathiannu an si. Bezaipu pawl in Muse hnenah bezai pe ding in an dil ttheu.

Lebadeia (san thar ih Levadhia, Greek ram) kiang ih Trophonius biakbuk cu mithi khua ih thlarau an fehnak sangka tiah ruat a si ih, cutawk ahcun Lethe le Mnemosyne timi tivate pahnih an luang.

Greek canganthiam Aristophanes ih “The Frogs” sungah Lethe phairawn thuhla a tarlang. Latin bezaipu pawl ih kutsuak pawl ahcun Lethe hi leihnuai khawvel ih tiva panga lakah pakhat a si.

1. “Lethe.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite.  Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2015.

2. “Orphic religion.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite.  Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2015.

3. “Mnemosyne.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite.  Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2015.