Leitlun Ralbuai
Hminthang pawl I
1. Leitlun Ralbuai
Ttumkhatnak
(1914-1918)
(a)
Ralbuai Thok Ni - 1914 June 28
(b)
Ralbuai Cem Ni - 1918
November 11 ah kahawk cawlh a si ih, 1919 June 28 ah Versailles Lungkimca tuah in ralbuai a cem.
(c)
Ralbuainak San - Austria
Siangpahrang hual Francis Ferdinand le a nupi, Sarajevo khawpi ih phiarthah
(assassinated) an si thu ah, Austria ram in Serbia ram mawh a puh ih ral a phuan ihsin ral a buai thok. Francis
Ferdinand thattu hi Slav phunhnamveitu (nationalist) Gavrilo Princip a si.
(d) A do-aw-tu
rampawl - Germany, Austria, Italy, Britain,
France, Russia, United States
2. Leitlun Ralbuai Ttumhnihnak (1939-1945)
(a) Ralbuai Thok
Ni - 1939 September 3
(b) Ralbuai Cem
Ni - 1945 August 15
(c) Ralbuainak
San - Kuthnuairam
cuhawknak, hriamhrei neih zuamawknak
(d) A do-aw-tu rampawl - Britain, United States, France (Ttangrual
Rampawl)
Japan,
Italy, Germany (Rinlaili Rampawl)
Greek
le Persian pawl doawknak a si. Persian-pawl in Greece ram an doram(h) tum mi cu
Greek-pawl in an rak do-kham. Persian ralkap 15, 000 cu Greek ralkap 11,000 in
an do neh. Persian ralkap 6,400 an thi ih, Greek ralkap 192 an thi. Greek-pawl
hi an mal sawn nan an hriamhrei a ttha sawn.
Thuanthu
ahcun doawknak hmun Marathon ihsin mi pakhat cu Greece khawpi Athens (peng 25
ttha hrawng a hla) ah ral an neih thu simthei ding in thlah a si. Athens khawpi
a thlen tikah ral an neh thu lawng a sim ta man ih, bang(h)cauh tuar lo in a
thi cih. Himi hi san thar ih Marathon tlanzuamawknak bulhram a si. Asinan
sanphung ngantu Herodotus cun tlan cak dan zirh mi Pheidippides cu doawk an thok
hlan ah Spartan-pawl hnen ih bomnak dil ding ah Athens khawpi ihsin Sparta
khawpi ah an thlah tiah a ngan. Pheidippides hi peng 150 hrawng (240 km) a hla
mi Sparta khawpi thleng ding in ni hnih hrawng lawng a rei.
Zabi
11 nelam ihsin a thok mi ralbuainak a si. Hriamhrei le thazang thawi' ram a nor-vivo-tu
Muslim-pawl dokham tum ih doawknak a si. Islam sakhua darhzainak dawnkham ding
in, Ram Thianghlim khontthawl sal thei ding in (Muslim kuthnuai ah a um),
sakhaw picang thlen-hrih-lo-nak hmunpawl la ding in, le Muslim-pawl ih an lak
mi Khristian rampawl la sal thei ding in, an tumtah. 1095 ihsin Crusade (anmai'
kawhdan in sual ral donak, sim duh mi cu Muslim-pawl donak) neih thok a si.
Zabi
11 cem zawng ah Muslim-pawl in hlansan Khristian ram ih tthen thum tthen hnih
cu an la zo. A hleice in Khristian-pawl hrangih ram thupi a si mi Palestine,
Syria, Egypt, le Anatolia (Asia Minor ti khal in an ko, tuisan ah Asia khawmualpi
sung ih tel Turkey ram hmuntthen) tipawl khal an la. Nor vivo an tum fawn.
Curuangah do-kham ding in Roman Catholic hotu Pope ih thupek in a tang lai mi
Khristian rampawl ihsin pumpe-aw-tu ralkappawl in Muslim ralkappawl an do. Zabi
12 le 13 sungah a nawlpi ih siar hman in ttum 5 lai an do.
A
tir ahcun an neh vivo lawk ih Palestine le Syria rampawl ah Khristian ram an
din sal thei. Asinan lehhnu ah Muslim-pawl in an run nor sal lala. Himi
doawknak hi kum 200 lenglo a rei ruangah leitlun ih ralbuai reibik tiah kawh a
si.
5.Waterloo
Doawknak
(Battle
of Waterloo) (1815 June 18)
Napoleon
ih hoha mi France ralkappawl le Europe ih ram thacak pawl doawknak a si.
Waterloo khawte thlanglam peng thum hlatnak hmun (Belgium ram khawlipi Brussels
thlanglam peng 9 hlatnak) ah Napoleon ih ralkap 72,000 le English miphun
Wellington Khawpilal (Duke of Wellington) ih hoha mi ram thacak ttangrual
ralkap 68,000 (British, Dutch, Belgian, le German ralkappawl) le Ralbawipi
Gebhard Leberecht von Blucher ih hoha mi Prussian ralkap 45,000 pawl an
doawknak a si.
Himi
doawknak ah Napoleon a duai. Napoleon ih ralkap lak ah a thi le hliam tuar
25,000 an um ih, 9,000 kaih an tuar. Wellington ih ralkap 15,000 an thi ih,
Blucher ih ralkap 8,000 an thi ve. Himi ttum ih a duai hnu hin ralbawi
hminthang Napoleon hi a dingcang sal thei nawn lo.
6. Normande
Doramh-nak
(Normandy Invasion)
Leitlunhuap Ralbuai Ttumhnihnak lai ah Ttangrual ralkappawl (Allied forces) in France ram, Normandy tipikap ah German ralkappawl hlawhtling zet ih an nor theinak doawknak a si. German-pawl kut hnuai ih a um mi France ram la sal ding in Ttangrual rampawl cun 1944 June 6 cu D-Day (raldo thawk ni) ah phuang in ralkap thazang 156,000 thawn an nor.
Leitlunhuap Ralbuai Ttumhnihnak lai ah Ttangrual ralkappawl (Allied forces) in France ram, Normandy tipikap ah German ralkappawl hlawhtling zet ih an nor theinak doawknak a si. German-pawl kut hnuai ih a um mi France ram la sal ding in Ttangrual rampawl cun 1944 June 6 cu D-Day (raldo thawk ni) ah phuang in ralkap thazang 156,000 thawn an nor.
Normandy tipikap ihsin German-pawl cu an nor vivo ih
August thla ahcun France ram saklam hmuahhmuah cu an luatter thluh thei.
Normandy Doramh-nak ihsin Germany ih lut an man tiang ahhin Ttangrual ralkaplam
ihsin a thi, hliam tuar le hlo 200,000 lenglo an um ih, German lam ihsin
300,000 lenglo an um ve. French rammipi zaran 12, 000 an thi-hlo fawn. 1944
June 6 hi Leitlunhuap Ralbuaipi Ttumhnihnak lai ih D-Day theihhlawhbik a si.
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