Calai Deirel: Leitlun Ralbuai Hminthang pawl IV

16 October, 2013

Leitlun Ralbuai Hminthang pawl IV

13. Stalingrad Doawknak ((tthalcaan 1942–February 2, 1943)

Leitlun Ralbuai Ttumhnihnak lai ih German ralkappawl le Russian ralkappawl doawknak a si. German ralkappawl in Soviet Union ram sung la vivo in Stalingrad khawpi (tu ahcun Volgograd khawpi) lak an tum ttum ih, Russian ralkap pawl thawi' an doawknak a si. Stalingrad khawpi hi Russia ram ih cetlam khawpi (industrial centre) a si ruangah khawpi thupi zet a si ih, Stalingrad khawpi an lak thei cun German-pawl in Soviet Dingkhawmram thlanglam hmunrampawl ah Volga Tiva ihsi thilri feh suk pawl cu an kham thei ding (Stalingrad khawpi hi Volga Tiva par ih um a si). Cuihleiah, Caucasus tlangtluan ih ti-alh-thei khurpawl khal ah an thleng lohli thei ding.

1942 kum tthalcaan ah German-pawl cu Stalingrad khawpi kiangkap an ra thleng nan Ralkapbu Sen (The Red Army) ih dokhamnak ruangah a khawpi tak cu an la thei lo. Ralbawipi Freidrich Paulus ih hoha mi Ralkapbu Paruknak (6th Army) le Ralbawipi Hermann Hoth ih hoha mi Panzer Ralkapbu Palinak ih a tthen a zar in an nor tum sal lala nan an hlawhsam thotho.

September thla ahcun khawpi sung an lut thei, asinan Ralbawipi Vasily I. Chuikov ih hoha mi Ralkapbu 62-nak in tumruh zet ih an rak dokham ruangah hmai an nor cak thei lo. October thla laili ahcun German ralkappawl in Soviet ralkappawl cu Volga tiva thleng zikte tiang an nor thei. Asinan German pawl cu an bungrua a thleng mal vivo thlang, khawpi sung ih namnuaiawk ngaingai tik ahcun an ttenghpawl (tanks) in ttngkainak an nei maltuk fawn. Cuihleiah thlatang a rung thleng zik thlang.

November 19 ah Soviet ralkappawl cun khawpi saklam le thlanglam ihsin German ralkappawl cu caiceh vek ih cep tar ding in an nor ih, November 23 ah Paulus ih hoha mi Ralkapbu Paruknak le Palinak tthenkhat cu an kulh ngah. December thla laili ah German-pawl in Paulus ih hopawl cu runsuah an tum nan an hlawhsam. Asinan Caucasus hmunram ih German ralkap kulh tuar pawl an luat theinak ding ah Adolf Hitler in Paulus cu duai phuang lo ih do peh ding ah thu a pe.

Asinan 1943 January 31 ah Paulus cun Hitler ih thupek cu el in duai a phuang (surrendered). February 2 ah amah Paulus le a tang lai mi ralkap 91,000 cu Soviet lam ah an pumpe aw cih. Soviet-pawl in Stalingrad khawpi sung le leng ah German le Romanian miruak 250,000 an sar ih, Rinlaili (Axis) rampawl (Germany, Romania, Italy, le Hungary) ih ralkap thi-hlo zat cu 800, 000 hrawng an si an zum. Khatlamah, Russian ralbuai sanphung mithiam pakhat cun Stalingrad khawpi humhimnak hrangih nun petu Soviet ralkap hi 1,100, 000 lai an si tiah a sim.

14. Korean Ralbuai (Korean War), June 1950 - July 1953

Sakta Korea le Thlangta Korea karlak ralbuai a si ih, leitlun ram thacak dangdang le Ram Ttangrual (United Nations) ralkappawl tiang an tel thluhnak ralbuai a si. Sakta Korea tiah a olzawng ih kan kawh mi Korea Democratic Mipi' Hrilhotu Ram (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) le Thlangta Korea tiah a olzawng ih kan kawh mi Korea Hrilhotu Ram (Republic of Korea) karlak ahhin buainak phunphun a rak suak.

Korea ram hi 1910 ihsin Japan in a rak uk. Asinan Leitlun huap Ralbuai Ttumhnihnak ih Japan Kumpiram in a huvang a hloh tikah Korea ram cu cozah pakhat in a run huikhawm thei nawn lo. Korean mipi hruaitupawl cu China, Manchuria, Japan, U.S.S.R, le United States pawl ah an rak thleng thluh fawn. Cui' mipi hruaitupawl khal cu an thlennak hmun le ram ih fimthiamnak an theih ngah mi le an tonteh mi ramkhel kalhmang ruangah Communist phungthluk uartu le Democracy uartu ti'n an tthentthek aw.

Marx-phungthlunpawl (Marxists) cu Chinese a tamsawn mi siahrelh ralkapbu dinhmun in Manchuria le China ah Japanese-pawl a rak do-dah-tu an si hai. Cumi lakih hruaitu langsar le hlawhtling deuh ih lang cu Kim Il-sung a si. Anih hi Russia ram ah zir-cinh-nak a nei dah ih Soviet ralkapbu khal ah ralbawi (major) a rak ttuan dah.

Khatlam kap ih dingtu mipi hruaitupawl cu Europe khawmualpi ihsin dengfelphung (science), fimthiamnak (education), le cetphungthluk (industrialism) pawl a zir thiam ngahtu an si hai. Europe khawmualpi ih thleng Korean phunhnamveitupawl khal hmun tampi ah an tthentthek aw nan United States ih fimthiamnak zirtu Syngman Rhee ih hoha mi pawl cu an langsar deuh. Syngman Rhee hi ram leng ih Korean Camtawi Cozah khal ah hotu a rak si dah.

Soviet Union le United States cun Japanese ralkappawl hriamhrei thlahter ding le Korea ram ih Japanese-pawl (700,000 hrawng an um) Japan ram ih kirter sal lohli ding an duh zamrang tuk ruangah, 1945 kum ah Korea ram cu ukttuanrelnak kalhmang pahnih hnuai ih ret ding in rikham pakhat an tuah sak. Saklam latitude 38 degree zawn ciah ihsin an tthen. United States cun himi hi Korea ram hmun hnih ih tthenttheknak si lo in buainak sosang cinfel-sung-nak men in a ruat. Asinan Soviet Union le China ih hliahkhuh mi Sakta Korea cun an thazang an sawh hnget vivo ih Korea ram pumpi'n communist phungthluk sung ih thun lut thluh an run tum.

Soviet Union le United States in ukttuanrelnak (administration) pakhat hnuai ih Korea ram pumpi ret thei dan ding an relkhawm ttheu nan lungkim mi ngai an nei khawsuak thei lo. Curuangah U.S. Ramhotu Harry S. Truman in UN hnenah Korea ram parih ttuanvo la ding in 1947 kum ah a nor.

Asinan 1948 tiang in U.S ralkappawl in Thlangta Korea ah hmun an khuar lai. Thlangta Korea ih Korean phunhnamhuap palik le humhualtu palik khal an pungter vivo ih 1947 kum ahcun 80, 000 hrawng an si thlang. Sakta Korea khal ah Kim Il-sung in Communist Party par ih a thuneihnak a hngetter vivo ih ukhruaiawknak le ralkaplam thazang khal a cakter vivo.

1948 kum ah Sakta Korea ih ralkap le palik cu 100, 000 hrawng an kim. 1948 kum tir lam ahcun Thlangta Korea ram zalen pakhat ih dinsuah ding thuhla cu UN in a rel thok. Thlangta Korea ih um mi Communist-pawl cun cumi cu an dodal. Himi ruangah an rikham (saklam latitude 38 degree) ah doawknak khal a suak phah. Asinan Korea ram pumpi'n Communist ukhruaiawknak hnuai ah pum khat ih um tlang ding duh ruangih a suak mi himi ralbuainak hi a hlawhtling lo.

Curuangah 1948 kum ah Thlangta Korea cu Korea Hrilhotu Ram (Republic of Korea) ti'n a ding ih Syngman Rhee in ramhotu a ttuan. Asinan sakta le thlangta doawknak a suah phah ih, Thlangta Korea humhualtu ralkap 8,000 zikte le mipi zaran 30, 000 zikte in an nun an hloh phah.

Soviet Union kaihhruainak thluntu Kim Il-sung in 1949 kum ah Soviet Union hotu Joseph Stalin cu Thlangta Korea do-ramh a cu thlang tiah a sim. Asinan doawknak hrang ih an timtuah famkim hrih lo ruangah, le United States a rung hrolh-lut-awk ve ding phang in Stalin in a el. Curuangah Sakta Korea cun ralkap lam timtuahnak nasate'n a tuah, China khal in a ram sung ih Korean ralkap hlun pawl Korea ah a kuat sal ih, cupawl cu Soviet Union in ralthuam a pe hai. 1950 kum a rung thlen cun Sakta Korea cu Thlangta Korea hnak in ralkap thazang lam ah a cungcuang thlang. Cutin, 1950, March-April ah Kim Il-sung in Moscow ah Stalin a va ton tikah Stalin khal in do-ramh ding cu rem a ra ti pi.

1950, June 25, vang hlan ah Sakta Korea ralkappawl cun rikham pahtlangh in Thlangta Korea an do thok. Ralkap thazang 53,000 a tel mi Korean Mipi’ Ralkapbu (Korean People's Army) ih Ralkapbur Khatnak (I Corps) le ralkap thazang 54,000 a tel mi Ralkapbur Hnihnak (II Corps) thawn an nor huho ih June 28 ah Thlangta Korea khawlipi Seoul an thleng mai. Asinan Thlangta Korea ramhotu Rhee ih cozah cun duai an duh ve lo ih a cang thei tawk in an ttang.

Sakta Korea in a Thlangta Korea a doramh thok vete'n United States in Thlangta Korea run ding in a tim a tuah cih ve ih, Ramhotu Truman in United Nations cu Thlangta Korea hrangih ttuanvo la ding in a nor. Humhual Khonsil khal in, June 27 ah, a lungkimpi (Humhual Khonsil ih thutluknak hi veto thuneihnak neitu Soviet Union in a kham thei nan, cumi lai ah communist ram China, UN ih lutter ding thu ruangah Soviet Union hi a tel thei lo).

Curuangah UN ralkappawl khal Thlangta Korea ihsin an lut ih communist ralkappawl an nor so. 1950 kum ah Kim Il-sung ih dilnak vek in China Comunist Party hotu Mo Zedung in Chinese ralkappawl cu Sakta Korea bawm ding in a kuat ve. Annih hi tlunvanlam doawknak hrangah Soviet in a bawm. A net ahcun Communist ral cu an nor kir sal thluh thei.

Doawknak ahhin khatlam khatlam in a thi-hlo an tam nasa. 1953 kum ih doawknak a cem hnu ih cazin an tuah mi ah Sakta Korea mipi zaran thi-hlo 600,000, ralkap thi-hlo 406,000, le ralkap hliam tuar 1,500,000; Thlangta Korea mipi zaran thi-hlo 1,000,000, ralkap thi-hlo 217,000, le ralkap hliam tuar 429,000; China ralkap thi-hlo 600,000, ralkap hliam tuar 716,000; United States ralkap thi-hlo 36,568, ralkap hliam tuar 103,284; UN ralkap thi-hlo 3,063, ralkap hliam tuar 11, 817 an um.

A malbik in minung million 2.5 in an nun an hloh tinak a si. Mipi zaran a thi mi ahhin Communist ralkappawl in ral an sun ruang ih an thah hrim mi an tam. Himi ralbuai ruangah Korea ram cu a ral aw zet mi ram pahnih ah an cang lanta ih tuini tiang in an buai rero.

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Ngantui' Thuhla

Salai Siang Lian Uk Kianghrol Introduction Salai Siang Lian Uk Kianghrol (born August 18, 1988) is a leading Chin (Falam) poet and literary contributor. In 2011 he published his first work Calai Zirnak Hmaihruai (An Introduction to the Study of Literature) and, in 2014 he published his second and major work Eden Zunzam: Sonnets from Chinland (The Attachment of Eden: Sonnets from Chinland) which contained over 200 sonnets and a crown sonnet. He also wrote a novel Khrih Riantu (A Man Who Serves Christ) which is not published but filmed, and some short stories and one-act plays, and contributed over 600 articles and poems without royalty fees. Life Salai Siang Lian Uk Kianghrol (born Biak Hming Siang LianUk) was born on August 18, 1988 at Darteti village, about 27 miles from Falam town of Chin State, Myanmar. His father, Ro Pum Thang, is a headmaster of primary school and his mother, Za Kip Par, had only a few school education. His mother died when he was two and his grandmother from his father looked after him. He is the second child of his parents, and has two sisters and three brothers. He started his school education under his father's school at Hmawngkawn village, a remote village in the western part of Chin State, near the Mizoram State of India. After attending Kindergarten at Hmawngkawn village, his family transferred to Zahau Dihai village. He attended first standard at Zahau Dihai and, his family transferred to Darteti village, his birthplace. He finished his primary education at Darteti, and he joined the Basic Education Middle School, at Falam. After he had finished Middle School, his family transferred to Letpanchaung village of Kalay township, Sagaing Division, Myanmar. He passed matriculation at Letpanchaung village, from the sub High School of No.2 Basic Education of High School, Kalaymyo. After he had sit matriculation exam, his family transferred to Tahan-Kalaymyo, and he lives there until today. After he had passed matriculation, he cannot join university because of poverty. He worked as students guide at boarding schools and hostels for some time. In 2011, he went to Yangon and worked as the de facto editor of Thuthantu journal, a church based monthly journal. Later, he became managing editor and he handles it until today. From Yangon and Tahan-Kalaymyo he also worked as a freelance journalist for some Chin social media. Six years after he passed the matriculation, with the help of some close friends, in 2010, he joined university with English major and qualified for post-graduate degree. He is now attending post-graduate at Kalay University, Sagaing Division of Myanmar. Salai Siang Lian Uk Kianghrol also composed some songs and he is the composer of the proposed Chin national anthem: Ram ZalenChinram (Chinland, A Land of Freedom). He is also a singer at Klirlungz music band and literary club. He uses his nickname Salai Mhingte for his musical activities. Salai Siang Lian Uk Kianghrol's early life was filled with many difficulties. With the death of his mother, he suffered lack of vitamins and depression. Because of his father's illness which lasted about six years, the property of his family were gone when he attend the final year of Middle School. Because of poverty, he surrendered many of his ambitions. In the end of 2012, he survived the motor-bike accident in which his friend was died. His feelings about the difficulties he faced can be seen in many of his literary works. Writing Career Salai Siang Lian Uk Kianghrol began to write from his early age. He had already read hundreds of books at the age of 16. He had read the whole Bible at the age of twelve. The knowledge he got from his reading made him wrote many manuscripts. However his first printed work was only appeared in the December issue of Vankau Arsi magazine (2005). He used 'Kianghrol' (walking stick) as his pen-name and, later, used only Salai Siang LianUk Kianghrol for his literary career. From that time, he constantly wrote poems and articles for many magazines and journals of Chin language. He wrote for his people because of patriotism as there is usually no royalty fee for writers of Chin language. As Chin people in Myanmar are only about five lakh and, as there is no common language, the readers of Chin literature, who faces poverty the most in the undeveloped country, cannot support the writers and publishers. They write and publish books and writings only for they love their people, and want to develop them. In 2010, a group of friends called Klirlungz, in which Salai SiangLian Uk Kianghrol is involved from 2008, published Biazai Rianriam (A Study of Poetry).[ In 2012, Klirlungz released their second album DuhnakTiamthu (The Oath of Love) in which Salai Siang Lian Uk Kianghrol involved and sung three songs. Klirlungz's first album Phunhnam Duhdawttu (Patriot) was released in 2004 but Salai Siang Lian Uk Kianghrol did not involve]. BiazaiRianram became the literary turnpoint, especially poetry, of Chin Literature and, the first book to introduced western poetry to Chin people. In 2011, the Presbyterian Youth Joint Conference, Chin Synod, published Salai Siang Lian Uk Kianghrol's first book Calai Zirnak Hmaihruai (An Introduction to the Study of Literature). The book was the first book to introduce world literature and literary genres, styles, and techiques and so on, to Chin people. In 2013, SalaiMai Entertainment published Klirlungz's second book, Nau Umtu (Nurse), a collection of nursery rhymes. In 2014, The Chin Times USA published Salai Siang Lian Uk Kianghrol's second and major work Eden Zunzam: Sonnets from Chinland (The Attachment of Eden: Sonnets from Chinland). The book contains five sonnet sequences and a crown sonnet or sonnet corona, and an introduction to sonnet, as appendix. The first sonnet sequence, Eden Biathli (The Story of Eden), contains a sequence of 37 sonnets and is about his view about religion, education, and moral values. The second sonnet sequence, Eden Sunmang (The Dream of Eden), contains a sequence of 32 sonnets and is about his political views and his dreams for Chinland. The third sonnet sequence, Eden Hringnun (The Life of Eden), contains a sequence of 56 sonnets and is about his personal life, his boyhood life, his rural life, and about his fondness of Chin culture. The fourth sonnet sequence, Eden Lasi (Angel of Eden), contains a sequence of 43 sonnets and is about the beauty of a lady, and the sweetness of love. The fifth sonnet sequence, Eden Tahhla (Lamentation of Eden), also contains a sequence of 43 sonnets and it describes a lamentation of a broken-heart, and the sigh of an unlucky person. The crown sonnet illustrated the poet's dreams and love for his native Chinland. From 2012 he compiled a brief history of Chinese, Iranian, Greek, Italian, Arab, Hebrew and Latin literature. In 2014 he posted this literary history on hi his personal blog: Calai Deirel (The Literary Morning Star). He translated some world classic short stories and poems to Chin language. About his 400 writings, including articles, poems, and short stories had been printed in many magazines and journals of Chin language. He also has many other articles which are not printed yet, but are contributed to Chin online media such as Chinland Today (www.chinlandtoday.info) and Chin World (www.chinworld.info). About 400 of his articles can be seen on his personal blog, Calai Deirel (http://www.calaideirel.blogspot.com). References · Siang Lian Uk (Kianghrol), Eden Zunzam: Sonnets from Chinland, Tahan-Kalaymyo: Zolun Offset, 2014. · Kianghrol, Calai Zirnak Hmaihruai, Tahan-Kalaymyo: Zolun Computer and Desktop Publishing, 2011. · Klirlungz, Biazai Rianram, Tahan-Kalaymyo: Zolun Computer and Desktop Publishing, 2010. · Klirlungz, NauUmtu, Tahan-Kalaymyo: Zolun Offset, 2013. · www.chinlandtoday.info External links · http://www.calaideirel.blogspot.com · http://www.facebook.com/sianglianuk-kianghrol.html

16 October, 2013

Leitlun Ralbuai Hminthang pawl IV

Leitlun Ralbuai Hminthang pawl IV

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