Phunpi Hla (National Anthem) Thuhla

                           Phunpi Hla

                                                                    (National Anthem)

Thuhmaihruai

Phunpi hla asilole phunpi sunlawihnak hla (national anthem/national hymn/national song) hi a tlangpithu in ramveinaklam (patriotic) thuhla kha awnmawi hmangih phuansuahnak a si ttheu. Cui’ ramveinaklam thuhla cun miphun ih sanphung (history), cindan (tradition) le rammipi in nehnak lole zalennak hrangih an zuamnak thuhlapawl tarlang le sunlawihnak an si tlangpi. Cui’ hla cu cui’ ram ih cozah in phunpi hla ah zungpom (official) ih a cohlannak in simaw, mipi in an hman-vivo-nak ihsin amahte’n simaw, phunpi hla taktak ah a ra cang ttheu. Phunpi hla tamsawn cu march asilole hymn style an si. Asinan Latin America rampawl ih phunpi hla cun operatic lam a naih tam ih, ram tthenkhat cun fanfare an hmang fawn.

Phunpi hlapawl cu a tlangpithu in ram pakhat ih hman tlanglawnbik mi ttong (the most common language) in phuah an si ttheu. Cui’ ttong cu zungpom (official) in tlang ttong ih hman mi khal a si thei, zungpom si cuang lo nai’ hman tlanglawnbik mi ttong (de facto) khal a si thei. Asinan ram tthenkhat ahcun hman tlanglawnbik mi ttong si lo khal in phunpi hla nei an um. Tthimnak ah India ih phunpi hla Jana Gana Mana hi Sanskrit `ong hmelhmang kai ding ih tuah mi Bengali ttong thawi’ phuah mi a si. Phunpi ttong (national language) pakhat hnak ih tam a neitu rampawl cu an phunpi hla khal ttong dangdang in an nei phah fawn. Tthimnak ah Switzerland ram cun zungpom ttong (official language) pali (French, German, Italian le Romansh) a neih ruangah a ram phunpi hla khal ttong pali in tuah a si. Canada ram ih phunpi hla khal in a ram ih zungpom ttong pahnih a si mi English le French hrangah hla ttongfang phun (version) hnih a nei ve ih; a cancan ahcun French le English version pahnih ihta a cang tetei’ la ton in an sak rawi ttheu.

Thlangta Africa ram ih phunpi hla hi a danglam hleice. Thlangta Africa hin zungpom ttong hleikhat a nei ih a ram phunpi hla ahhin cumi ttong hleikhat sungih panga an hmang. Cang khatnak ah ttong pahnih hman a si ih, a dang cang thum cu cang khat hrangah ttong pakhat cio hman an si. 

New Zealand hin Britain phunpi hla God Save the Queen hi an phunpi hla ah an hmang ve. Asinan anmai bul ta deuh a si mi New Zealand phunpi hla ih cang khatnak cu Maori (Aotearoa) ttong in an sak ih cang hnihnak cu English (God Defend New Zealand) in an sak tlangpi. Cang khatnak le cang hnihnak hi a thluk cu an bang aw; asinan a tican cu dairek ih leh (translate) mi a si lo. God Bless Fiji khal hin English le Fijian ttong in hlathu (lyrics) a nei veve; a thuhla an bang aw lo fawn.

Ttong tampi hmannak ram dang pakhat a si mi Spain cu an phunpi hla, La Marcha Real, ah hlathu a um lo. 2007 kum ah an phunpi hla hrangih hlathu ngan zuamawknak cu rampi huap in an tuah nan an hlawhtling lo. Cu bang in, San Marino ram ih phunpi hla a si mi Inno Nazionale della Repubblica cun zungpom hlathu (lyrics) a nei lo. Kosovo Hrilhotu Ram (Republic of Kosovo) ih phunpi hla, Europe, khal ah hlathu a um lo.

Phunpi Hla Sanphung (History of National Anthem)

Phunpi hla hi zabi 19 ihsin Europe khawmualpi ah a hung dingcang. Asinan phunpi hla tthenkhat cu cumi hlan ihsin hram an rak ttoh zo. Phunpi hla kum cangbik cu Dutch phunpi hla Wilhelmus a si ih 1568 le 1572 karlak, Dutch Dothlengnak san ih rak ngan mi a si. 1932 kum ah zungpom in phunpi hla ah a hung cang.

Japan ram ih phunpi hla, Kimi ga Yo, ih hlathu hi Heian san (794-1185) bezai ihsi lak mi a si. Asinan 1880 tiangah awnmawi thawi’ kaihkop a si hrih lo.

United Kingdom ih phunpi hla, le New Zealand ram ih phunpi hla pahnih lakih pakhat a si mi, God Save the Queen, hi 1745 ah God Save the King tiih hman thok a si. (Siangpahrang an neih caan ah God Save the King ti’n an hmang ih, Siangpahrangnu an neih caan ah God Save the Queen ti’n an sak).

Spain ram ih phunpi hla Marcha Real (The Royal March) khal hi 1770 hrawng ihsin hman a rak si. 1761 ih phuah mi a si.

Denmark ram ih phunpi hla pahnih lakih upa deuh Kong Christian stod ved højen mast hi 1780 ih hman thok a si ih, French phunpi hla La Marseillaise hi 1792 kum ih ngan mi si in, 1795 ah hman thok a si. Europe Nisuahlam ram lakah Serbia hin phunpi hla a nei hmaisabik. An phunpi hla Rise up, Serbia! Cu 1804 kum ah hman thok a si.

Philippines ram ih phunpi hla Lupang Hinirang hi 1898 ih phuah mi a si ih, Asia ram ih Hrilhoturam (republic) zalen hmaisabik phuansuahnak sunlawihnak hrangih phuah mi a rak si.

Kenya ram ih phunpi hla, Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu, khal hi khimkhuahtei’ tawlrelmi phunpi hla hmaisalam a si. 1963 kum ah Kenyan Phunpi Hla Kawmison in United Kingdom hnen ihsin zalennak an ngah mi sunlawihnak hrangih an phuah mi a si.

Hmandan

Phunpi hlapawl hi a phunphun in an hmang. Phunpi hla sak/suah lai ah ttihzah upatnak langterdan tthenkhat khal a um. A tlangpithu in ralkaplam ih sunlawihnak cindanpawl, din, lukhum hlit, tivek khal an tel ttheu. Cun, caan hleice (special occasion) ih hman ding hmuitin mi siangpahrang sunlawihnak hla (royal anthem), ramhotu sunlawihnak hla (presidential anthem), ram sunlawihnak hla (state anthem) tivek in a dangdang ih nei khal a um thei fawn.

Phunpi hlapawl hi phunpihuap cawlh-umni (national holidays) le phunpihuap puaipi (festival) tivek ah sak/suah an si `heu ih, tui san ahcun lehpannaklam thaw khal in a sihcih aw thlang fawn. Olympic Lehpannak Puaipi tivek ih laksawng peknak ahcun sui tacik (gold medal) ngahtui’ ram ih phunpi hla an suah ttheu. Leitlun Ralbuai II lai ih baseball lehpannak ah puai thok hlan ih phunpi hla an rak sak ttheu mi run cawng in, tulai ahcun lehpannak thok hlan ih phunpi hla sak hi a lar zet thlang. Ram bang aw lo pahnih ihta an lek ding asile cui’ ram hnih ih phunpi hla kha an sak/suah veve. Inntek ram ih phunpi hla an suah neta ttheu.

Ram tthenkhat ahcun tlawng kai thok hlante ah tlawngtapawl cu nitin in phunpi hla an sakter ttheu. Himi hi ramveinak (patriotism) nei ding ih zirhawknak ah an hmang. Ram tthenkhat fawn ahcun thuanthucawn zohnak hmun ih thuanthucawn an suahhlan ah simaw, zuknung zohnak hmun ih zuknung an suah thok hlan ah simaw, phunpi hla an suah ta ttheu. Himi hi radio le TV zung (station) tampi in an run cawng ih, an radio lole TV suah caan an thok zawng ah le an ttheh zawng ah phunpi hla an suah ttheu. Tthimnak ah China Mipi’ Hrilhotu Ram ih phunpi hla cu Hong Kong tualsung TV zungpawl in siimlam thuthang an phuan zawng ah an suah ta ttheu. 

Ram lenglam ih phunpi hla hmandan thuhla ahcun cui’ ram parih ramtamhuap (international) in an hmuhdan parah a tthum aw. Tthimnak ah Taiwan ti ih kan theih tlangpi mi China Hrilhotu Ram (Republic of China) cu Olympics ah 1979 ihsin pompi a si lo ih Chinese Taipei hmin lawng in telter a si; an phunpi hla si lo in Phunpi Thantar Hla (National Banner Song) sawn sakter an si fawn. China Hrilhotu Ram ah hi cun thantar khaisoh le `humsuk (flag-rising and flag-lowering) tuah hlan ah phunpi hla an sak ta ih, thantar khaisoh le tthumsuk an tuah lai ngaingai ahcun phunpi thantar hla an sak sawn.

Ttawmawkmi Phunpi hlapawl

Phunpi hla hi ram le hmunram (state and territory) hranpa hrangih duansuah an si tlangpi nan ttawmawkmi khal an um. Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika hla hi African hmuahhmuah (pan-African) zalennak ngah ding ih kaithotu hla ah a hung cang ih, lehhnu ahcun Zambia, Tanzania, Namibia le Zimbabwe timi ram nga cun, zalennak an ngah hnu ah, an phunpi hla ah an hmang hai. Asinan Zimbabwe le Namibia hin phunpi hla thar an hmang sal. 1997 ihsin Thlangta Africa ih phunpi hla cu Nkosi Sikelel’ aAfrika le a hlan ih an rak hman mi Die Stem van Suid-Afrika timi ihsi lak mi hlathupawl le English hlathu cawhrawi mi a hung si. 

Hymn to Liberty hi a cahlawm (text) zawng ih zoh cun leitlun ih phunpi hla saubik a si. 1865 kum ah a hmaisa cang thum (lehhnu ah a hmaisa cang hnih) cu Greece ram ih phunpi hla ah zungpom ih cohlan a si. Lehhnu ah Cyprus Hrilhotu Ram khal in phunpi hla ah a hmang ve. 

Forged from the Love of Liberty hla cu caan rei lo te sung lawng a nung mi West Indies Federation (1958-1962) ram ih phunpi hla ding ah phuah a rak si ih, lehhnu ahcun Trinidad and Tobago ram in, zalennak an ngah kum 1962 ihsin, phunpi hla ah an hmang.

Esta É a Nossa Pátria Bem Amada hi Guinea-Bissau le Cape Verde in 1996 tiang phunpi hla ah an hmang veve.

Liechtenstein ram ih phunpi hla Oben am jungen Rhein hi God Save the Queen hlathluk bun mi a si. God Save the Queen awthlung a hmangtu phunpi hla dang pawl cu Heil dir im Siegerkranz (German Kumpiram le Prussia in an rak hman dah mi phunpi hla), Kongesangen (tuini ih Norway Siangpahrang hlapi a si), My Country, 'Tis of Thee (United States in tui an phunpi hla an hman hlan ah zungpom si lo ih an rak hman dah mi a si), Rufst du, mein Vaterland (Switzerland in phunpi hla ih an rak hman dah mi), E Ola Ke Alii Ke Akua (Hawaii phunpi hla hlun), le The Prayer of Russians (Imperial Russia phunpi hla hlun) pawl an si.

Estonia ram ih phunpi hla Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm hi 1848 kum ih Fredrik Pacius in a rak tuah mi awthlung ah bun a si ih, Finland phunpi hla Maamme khal in himi awthlung hi a hmang ve. Himi awthlung hi Livonian miphun in Min izāmō, min sindimō (Ka Pai Ram, ka suahsemnak ram) timi hlathu thawn an hmang ve ah ruat a si.

Hey, Slavs timi hla hi Slav miphunpawl hrangih phuah mi a si. 1834 kum ah  Hey, Slovaks timi hmin thawn Samuel Tomášik in a rak phuah mi a si ih Slav miphun hmuahhmuah ih phunpi hla ah siseh, Sokol cangvaihnak (Slav miphunpawl lehpannaklam ih cuangmuar ding ih forhfialawknak le zirhhruainak) le ramkhellam cangvaihnak hrangih hlapi ah siseh, SFR Yugoslavia le State Union of Serbia and Montenegro ih ukawknak thlengawk lai hrangih hlapi ah siseh hman a si. Himi hla hi Slovakia ram ih zungpom si lo phunpi hla pahnihnak khal ah ruat a si. A awthlung hi Poland khal in phunpi hla ih a hman mi Mazurek Dabrowskiego ah hram a bun. Asinan Yugoslavia ram ih hman mi cu a aw a niam deuh.

Romania le Moldova hin 1991 ihsin 1994 tiang Deșteaptă-te, române! timi phunpi hla an hmang tlang. Asinan lehhnu ah Moldova ram in Limba noastră timi a run hmang sal.

Tuisan ih Germany ram phunpi hla Das Lied der Deutschen hin zabi 19 le zabi 20 tirlam ih Austro-Hungarian phunpi hla Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser awthluk a hmang.

Soviet Dingkhawmram in 1991 kum ih a kuaidarh tiang a rak hman mi Hymn of the Soviet Union cu Russian Federation in 2000 kum ah, 1993 kum ih a rak hmeltheihter mi thlungdar phunpi hla (instrumental anthem) lar lo zet thlengnak ah, hlathu thar bun in, a run hmang. 

Brittany phunpi hla Bro Bozh ma Zodou, le Cornish phunpi hla Bro Goth Agan Tasow ih awthluk hi Wales phunpi hla Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau khal ah hman a si. A hlathu khal an bang aw.

Ram Pakhat sungih Hmuntthen ah 

Tuihlan ih Soviet Dingkhawmram le United Kingdom (Dingkhawm Siangpahrangram) tivek hi cu ram dangdang komkhawm aw ti theih an si. Dingkhawmram sungih ram dangdang cun anmahte’n phunpi hla an nei tla a si thei ih, cui’ hlapawl cu zungpom ih cohlan mi (officially reconiged) tla an si thei.

Soviet Dingkhawmram sungih um mi hrilhoturam (republic) hleinga ah hleili in zungpom hlapi an nei ih anmai’ hrilhoturam thawi’ a pehpar mi thil ah an hmang. Russian hrilhoturam cun USSR ih phunpi hla cu 1990 kum tiang a hmang. USSR a kuaidarh hnu khal ah hrilhoturam tthenkhat cun an rak hman mi hlapi ih awthlung kha an hmang; a hlathu an thleng men.

United Kingdom ih phunpi hla cu God Save the Queen a si. Asinan a sungih tel mi ram dangdang in anmai’ phunpi hla cio an nei ih, zungpom ih cohlan an si dan khal a bang aw lo. England, Scotland, Wales le Saklam Ireland cun lehpannak puai nikhua le cozah cangvaihnak tivek ih suah thei mi hla phunphun an nei cio. England hrangih hman tlangpi mi phunpi hla cu God Save the Queen a si nan a cancan ahcun Jerusalem siseh, I Vow To Thee, My Country siseh, Land of Hope and Glory siseh, an hmang ve phah. Scotland cun tunaite ah Flower of Scotland cu zungpom si lo phunpi hla ah a hmang ih, Wales cun zabi 19 ihsin Mae Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau hi an rak hmang, a cancan ahcun Guide Me O thy Great Redeemer thawn an hmang tlang `heu. Asinan a neta hi cu an hmang nawn lo. Saklam Ireland ram hin tuihlan ahcun God Save the Queen hi an rak hmang nan tulai ahcun Londonderry Air khal an hmang phah.

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ahcun a sungih tel mi hrilhoturampawl (Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina tel lo in) in mahte phunpi hla neihtheinak canvo an nei thluh. Asinan Socialist Republic of Croatia lawng in phunpi hla a nei. Lehhnu ih Yugoslavia ram a kuaidarh zawng ah Socialist Republic of Slovenia in a run pehzom. Socialist Republic of Macedonia ram ahhin Leitlun Ralbuai II lai ah Anti-Fascist Assembly for the People’s Liberation of Macedonia (ASNOM) pawlpi in a rak ruahman mi a um nan, tuini tiang in zungpom phunpi hla an nei hrih lo.  

Belgium ram ve thung ahcun French ttong hmangtupawl umnak hmun Wallonia hmun`hen (Belgium ram thlanglam) ih phunpi hla cu Le Chant des Wallons a si ih, Dutch ttong hmangtupawl umnak Flanders hmun`hen (Belgium ram saklam) ih phunpi hla cu De Vlaamse Leeuw a si.

Czechoslovakia ram cun Czech ram le Slovak ram ih phunpi hla pahnih komkhawm mi cu phunpi hla ah a rak hmang dah. Czechoslovakia ram a rung kuaidarh tikah Czech Hrilhoturam cun a hmaisalam cu anmai’ bul phunpi hla ah an hmang ih, Slovakia ram in a netalam cu a hlathu malte thleng in, le cang dang belhsah in a run hmang.

United States hin zungpom phunpi hla a si mi The Star-Spangled Banner a nei tho nan, a sungih ramkulh sawmnga lakah ramkulh sawmli pariat in ramkulh hla an nei hai. Ramkulh tthenkhat cun pakhat hnakih tam an nei fawn. Cui’ ramkulh hlapawl cu anmai’ ramkulh tlangsuakbu in simaw, ramkulh uktubawi (state governor) in simaw an hril/nemhnget mi an si. 

Canada ram ih Newfoundland and Labrador ramkulh cun, 1949 tiang Dominion of Newfoundland ti ih ram zalen pakhat a rak si dah bang in, British colony hnuai ih a um lai ah siseh, Dominion a ngah lai ah siseh, Ode to Newfoundland cu phunpi hla ah a hmang. 2010 kum tiang cu anih hi Canadian ramkulh lak ih phunpi hla nei umsun a si (2010 kum ah Siangpahrangfa Edward Island in The Island Hymn cu amai’ uk mi ramkulh ih hlapi ah a la).

Mexico ram ah 1854 ih phunpi hla nemhngeh a si hnu in a sungih tel mi ramkulh dangdang in anmah le phunpi hla an tuah cio.

Ramtamhuap Pawlkompawl (International Organizations)

Ramtamhuap pawlkompawl khal ahhin hlapi asilole phunpi hla neitu an um phah. A cang ahcun ramtamhuap hla ti khal in kawh an si. The Internationale hla cu socialist cangvaihnak le communist cangvaihnak hmunpawl ah hlapi ih hman an si. 1944 March thla tiang cu Soviet Dingkhawmram le Ramtamhuap Communist Pawlpi (Comintern – Communist International) khal in hlapi ah an hmang fawn. Beethoven ih Awthlungkim Nambat 9 (Symphony No. 9) ih hlathu a si mi Ode to Joy (German bezaipu Friedrich Schiller in minung hmuahhmuah unauawknak le pumkhatnak thuhla a phuah mi bezai) khal hi Europe khawmualpi huap hlapi a si. Ram Ttangrual (United Nations) le African Ttangrual (African Union) khal in zungpom si lo hlapi an nei ve. Olympic Cangvaihnak khal in amahte’n bulpak hlapi a nei. Esperanto ttong (ramtamhuap hman ding ih sersuahmi siahrelh ttong) hmangtupawl khal in an tonkhawmawknak ah La Espero timi hlapi an hmang ttheu fawn.

Sersuaktupawl (Creators)

Phunpi Hla hminthang tamsawn cu mi lar lemlo asilole hmin theih lo mi pawl ih phuah mi an si. Tthimnak ah La Marseillaise (French phunpi hla) phuahtu Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle siseh, The Star-Spangled Banner hrangih awthlung rung si leh ding mi The Anacreontic Song ih awthluk rak tuahtu John Stafford Smith siseh, mi hminthang an si lo. Leitlun ih phunpi hla hlun le tthabik pakhat a si mi God Save the Queen puahtu phei cu theih fel a si lo ih, elbuaiawknak tampi a suahter fawn.

Leitlun huap ih hminthang ban mi lar pawl ih phuah mi phunpi hla neitu cu ram malte an si. German phunpi hla Das Lied der Deutschen hin Joseph Haydn ih phuah mi awthlung a hmang ih Austria phunpi hla Land der Berge, Land am Strome hi Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ih phuahsuah ih ruat a si phah ttheu.  Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic ih phunpi hla cu Aram Khachaturian ih phuah mi a si. Vatican City ih hlapi  a si mi Pontifical Anthem ih awthluk cu 1869 ah Charles Gounod in, Pope Pius IX ih puithiam ttuannak sui kumcam (golden jubilee) sunlawihnak ih a rak tuah mi a si.

Malaysia cun zalennak a ngah tikah phunpi hla hriltu kawmitti a din. Cui kawmitti cun ramtamhuap ih hminthang cin Benjamin Britten, William Walton, Gian Carlo Menotti le Zubir Said pawl a ko ih an hla tuah mi a zohfel. Asinan zo ih ta hman a cohlang lo. Zubir Said hi cun lehhnu ah Singapore phunpi hla Majulah Singapura a run phuah.

Nobel laksawng ngahtupawl ih phuah mi phunpi hla malte a um ve. India le Bangladesh hin Asia khawmualpi ihsi Nobel laksawng ngah-hmaisabik-tu Bengali bezaipu hminthang Rabindranath Tagore ih phuah mi hla pahnih, India in Jana Gana Mana le Bangladesh in Amar Shonar Bangla, cu an phunpi hla ah an hmang. Minung pakhat in ram pahnih hrangih phunpi hla a ngansak timi hi cu thil mal ngaingai a si. Nobel laksawng ngahtu Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson cun Norwegian phunpi hla Ja, vi elsker dette landet ih hlathu a ngan sak. Mai’ ram sung ih mi ropi pawl ih phuah mi phunpi hla neitu khal an um. Colombia phunpi hla ih hlathu hi a hlan ih an ramhotu le bezaipu a si mi Rafael Nunez ih ngan mi a si ih, Rafael Nunez hi Colombia ram ih ukawknak danhrampi (constitution) ngantu khal a si fawn.

Ref: Wikipedia