Greek Calai Romual 4 (Iambic Awkhiah Biazai le A Dang pawl)

Greek Calai Romual

 

Bung (4)

 

Iambic Awkhiah Biazai le A Dang pawl

 

Homer san ah Greek ram cu an rak rualrem deuh nan lehhnu lam ahcun thingkhon tlu bang in an darh zelzel. Khawpi-ram pawl tampi an suak. Cu pawl in kuthnuai ram (colony) an nei bet. Hivek ih ramuknak danglam ruangah le minung khawruahnak le ttulhainak in thil thar a ngen vivo ruangah epic bezai san a cem ih tleizun (elegy), iambic awkhiah ih phuah mi bezai tivek an rung suak. 

 

Elegy

Elegy timi hi Greek pawl in Epic bezai thawi’ bang aw lo ding ih an sersuah mi bezai ci khat a si. Greek pawl cun elegiac measure (tleizun tahkhawng) timi an hmang. Elegiac measure timi cu awfang (syllable) sau lole sang pakhat kha awfang niam lole tawi pahnih in a thlun mi awkhiah (dactylic) paruk a um mi; catlang pahnihnak ah awkhiah cuvek awkhiah panga a um mi a si ih, cumi awkhiah kalhmang pahnih kha a sangsangte’n an tuah vivo.

Qhimnak ah:

KAN duhbik MI fanau HNIANG rual tla, LIAM riangmang HAI, sahnar KHAW ral ah;

ZIANG ti tak IN nunkhua KAN run rel DING ti ruah LAI har zia.

# Cafang pi ih ngan mi khi awfang sang/sau umnak zawn an si. Awfang sang/sau umnak ah cafang pi hman ding tinak si lo in, a umdan theih ol seh tiah kawhhmuhnak ih hman mi an si. Awfang (syllable) timi cu qongfang pakhat ah a um mi aw (awn) kawhnak a si. Qhimnak ah pa (father) timi ahcun aw (awn) pakhat lawng a um. Hivek hi monosyllable (awfang khat nei qongfang) an ti. Asinan ‘nunau’ timi ahcun awfang pahnih (nu+nau) an um. Awfang pahnih nei qongfang hi disyllable an ti. Cuvek in awfang pathum um mi qongfang kha trisyllable an ti.

Greek pawl hrang ahcun ziangvek thuhla an ngan khal ah, elegiac measure hmang ih ngan mi tapoh cu elegy bezai an si. Asinan lehhnu lam, zabi 16 hrawng ah, English pawl in elegiac measure hman lo mi khal mithi ngainak thuhla ngan mi bezai pawl cu elegy tiah an run ko. Cumi ihsin a phuahdan kalhmang hnak in a thufun (subject) sawn in lai a run rel ih, elegy timi cu mithi ngainak bezai asilole tleizun timi ah a rung cang sal (Klirlungz – Biazai Rianram).

BC zabi pasarih lai ah Athens khawpi mi Solon (BC 639-559) a rak um. Daan lam mithiam le thuqhentu bawibik a rak si. Rampi daan le ram sung mi pawl ih thlun ding mi daan a rak ngan. Minung pawl nundan qha le fel an neih theinak ding ah ramkhel ih hrambun elegy bezai pawl a ngan. Cui’ mifimpai’ bezai pawl cu an hlovai tam nasa ih tu ahcun catlang 300 lawng an tang ti a si (New Standard Encyclopaedia).

Bezaipu Simonides (BC 556 – 468) cun ral ram ih nunnak hloh tu Sparta ralkap pawl ih thuhla kha elegy bezai a phuah. Anih hi Greek le Persia doawk lai ih rak nung, Athens khawpi ih qhanglian a si. A san lai Athens khawpi ih bezai phuah zuamawknak ah thuanthucawn ngantu Aeschylus thawn bezai phuah an rak zuam aw ih a rak neh dah (John Macy). Simonides ih elegy bezai cu catlang pahnih ah canghlawm (stanza) pakhat vivo ih tuah mi an si.

 

Iambic Awkhiah Bezai

Iambic awkhiah bezai cu awfang tawi/nia in awfang sang/sau a thlun mi awkhiah hmang ih phuah mi bezai a si. Himi awkhiah hi English biazai ah a lar zet.

Qhimnak ah:

Tuar THEI lo MI nei PAWL ka SI lo PI;

ThlemNAK ti BAK lo CU, ti THU a SI.

# Himi khal ah cafang pi ih ngan mi awfang khi aw sang/sau kawhhmuhnak an si.

Himi awkhiah hi mi deusiahnak le sisiaunak bezai ih hman ding ah a remcang zet tiah Nitlaklam mithiam pawl in an ti. Greek pawl ih iambic awkhiah thawi’ phuah mi bezai pawl khal hringnun khawvel ih thil kawkalh le cingpen (kawisawi) tamzia sisiau zahsiahnak tarlangtu an si tlangpi (M. Cary and T. J. Haarhoff).

Iambic awkhiah hi Archilochus ih phuah mi a si. Anih hi amai’ san lai ahcun Homer tluk deuhthaw in a rak lar ti a si. Asinan a phuah mi bezai cu a tang lai an mal zet. MI zahsiah sisiaunak qongfang pawl thawi’ siar nuam zet ding ih phuah mi bezai an si hai. Lehhnu lam ih Greek thuanthucawn pawl ah a phuah mi awkhiah hi an run hmang lar lanta.

 

Lyric Biazai

Lyre timi qingqang si maw, qingriset si maw thawi’ sak ding ih phuah mi bezai kha Lyric tiah an ko. Mi pakhat in amai’ bulpak tontuarnak a ausuahpinak bezai a si tlangpi. Lyric khal hi elegy le iambic awkhiah hmang bezai pawl vek thotho in, bezai tawi a si qheu. An rak sersuah thok lai ahcun a thluk bun ih qingqang ci khat thawi’ sak mi a rak si. Asinan san thar ahcun awthluk bun mi an um nawn lemlo.

BC zabi paruk lai ah lyric bezai ngantu mipa pakhat le nunau pakhat an rak um. Mipa cu Alcaeus a si ih ralbuai thuhla, ramkhel thuhla le miphun u pawl thuhla a rak phuah. A bezai pawl cu Latin bezaipu pawl in an ngaina zet. Latin bezaipu ropi Horace hman in a bezai a run cawng ti a si. A san lai ahcun mi lar turu zet a rak si.

Alcaeus thawi’ sanzul ih nung bezaipi (poetess) lar zet cu Sappho a si. An pahnih in Lesbos tikulh ih piang veve an si. Sappho hin bezai tampi a phuah ve. Amai’ san lai ah Homer tluk deuhthaw in a rak lar ve. Asinan a bezai tor le seng lakah mawinak pathiannu Aphrodite (Venus) hmuitin ih a phuah mi bezai pakhat lawng hmuhsuah mi a um hrih (John Drinkwater). Anih khal hi Latin bezaipu pawl in an uar zet ih a bezai phuahdan kalhmang khal an cawng phah qheu.

Anacreon (BC 563 – 478) ih bezai pawl ahcun sabitti thuhla, duhdawtnak thuhla tivek, ni tin nun ih hmuhton theih mi thuhla pawl an tam. Thu thuk le thinlung sungmuril ih tontuarnak lam a tel mal. A bezai cu an zangkhai ih taksa hiarnak lam cokphurtu thuhla khal an tel. A bezai pawl siar an nuam ve zet ti a si.

BC zabi paruk ih rak nung, Sparta khawpi ih qhanglian, Asia khawmualpi mi Alcaman asilole Alcamaeon ih bezai pawl cun German calaimmi ropi Goethe a hliahkhuh. BC 450 a a thi ti ih zum mi Bacchylides ih bezai pawl cu 1896 kum ah thil hlun hliakhlaitu pawl in Egypt ram ah an hmu ve. Bezai fing 20 a si ih British Museum ah an ret.

Pindar (BC 522 – 449) ih bezai pawl cu Ode ti’n an ko. Lyric bezai vek thotho asinan thuhla pakhat kha mawihnai le cangtlung zet ih phuah mi, merhbul nei (kawhhmuh bulce a nei mi) bezai ci khat a si. Pindar ih phuah mi bezai pawl le a phuahdan kalhmang thlun ih run phuah mi bezai pawl cu Pindaric Ode an run ti hngehnge (Klirlung – Biazai Rianram). Pindar hin English bezaipu pawl a hliahkhuh zet.

A tlun ih rel zo mi bezai pawl cu thupi hlapi kha khungkhai le mawihnai zet, kalhmang khunkhan zet ih phuah mi an si hai. Asinan Greek pawl hin Chinmi pawl ih ramquan, saqhawl zaihla vek, a thuphurh a khungkhai lemlo mi, tuukhal bezai khal an nei ve. Greek pawl khal thlaihnah thlairah cing ih ei-hawl zatlang mipi an tam vek in ci-cin lo thlawh thuhla bezai phunphun an rak nei.

BC 300 hrawng ah milian fa Theocritus a rak um. Amah cu milian fa asinan ramlak thluatlang thuhla le tuukhal bezai tivek a rak phuah. Hivek bezai phuah hmaisalam asinan a bezai pawl cu an tlamtling inn an mawihnaibik ti in a lar ban. Europe khawmualpi ih ramlak thluatlang bezai sulsattu ih an ruah hlei ah Latin calai ih ramlak thluatlang thuhla phuah mi bezai pawl khal Theocritus ih kutneh rim an nam deuh thotho ti a si.

 

Greek Biazai Komkhawm Cabu

BC zabi paruk ihsin AD zabi paruk tiang ih Greek bezaipu pawl in an phuah mi bezai pawl komkhawm in mithiam pawl in cabu an tuah. Greek pawl cun an riraibiaknak buuk, an raithawinak biakinn, an cawlhhmun, thlanlung le khanlung tivek ah an bezai an rak ngan qheu. Cu pawl cu mithiam pawl in an la khawm ih cabu ah an tuah mi a si. BC zabi pahnih ihsin an rak khawlkhawm thok a si hmang (John Drinkwater).

Mi qhenkhat cun BC zabi pakhat ah bezaipu Meleager in bezai fing r0 a khawlkhawm ihsin bezai khawlkhawm hi an thok an ti. Cumi hnu kum 1,000 lai rei ah Cephalus timi bezaipu in amai’ bezai pawl telh in biazai komkhawm cabu cu a belhsah thar sal. AD zabi 14 ah Paludes in a run remhkhawm sal lala. Paludes ih remhkhawm mi ah bezai qha zetzet qhenkhat riangri tel nawn lo in, bezai qukqak deuh an tel ti a si. Asinan cumi cabu cu mi tam zet ih sirhsan mi a rung si thotho.

Himi lai ah Cephalus ih biazai komkhawm cabu cu a hlo lawk. Zabi 17 ah an hmusuak sal ih Germany ram Heidelberg Phunsangtlawng ah an ret. 1618 ihsin 1648 sung ih Germany ram kum 30 ralbuai lai ahkhan a hlovai pang ding tiah Roman Catholic siangbawi sangbik Pope ih umnak Vatican khawpi ah an ret. Zabi 18 ah France le Italy an do aw ih France in a neh ruangah Cephalus ih cabu cu Paris ah an tlunh (John Macy).

Cui cabu sungih bezai pawl cun Greek pawl ih thinlung umtudan a langter. Greek pawl cun ceibawl lo in amahte’n a mawi mi thil uarnak lungput an nei. Thu dik an ngaina, zalennak le bangrannak an sunsak fawn. Greek calai ahcun fak le porh ciamco lam hnakin tluangtlam le fiangfel zet ih thuhla phosuahnak a tam ih, tontuar mi thuhla kha cipciar le kimcang zet ih relsuah an uar (John Drinkwater).

Miphun pahat ih sungril nun pholangtu bik pakhat cu calai a si ruangah an calai ihsin miphun pakhat ih umtudan kan theih thei vek in, miphun pakhat ih umtudan kan theih asile an calai khal kan thei thuk vivo. Ziangahtile calai cu miphun ih hnukhri pi pakhat a si ruangah a si. Curuangah calai dinhmun sang zet rak nei hmaisatu Greek pawl ih thuhla ihsin zir theih mi le zir qul mi tampi kan nei.